{"id":4666,"date":"2023-12-04T01:32:58","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T01:32:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/?page_id=4666"},"modified":"2023-12-12T06:54:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T06:54:51","slug":"tu-kien-ky-thuat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/tu-kien-ky-thuat\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01af LI\u1ec6U K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4666\" class=\"elementor elementor-4666\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-013b756 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"013b756\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eba41a9\" data-id=\"eba41a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0899b8a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"0899b8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9011\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9011\" aria-expanded=\"false\">S\u1ed4 TAY QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN C\u00c2Y L\u00daA<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9012\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9012\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Tab #2<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9011\" aria-expanded=\"false\">S\u1ed4 TAY QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN C\u00c2Y L\u00daA<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9011\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9011\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9012\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Tab #2<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9012\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9012\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2590e49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"2590e49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3931\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3931\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 C\u1ea6N BI\u1ebeT V\u1ec0 C\u00c2Y L\u00daA <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3931\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3931\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>L\u00faa c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 \u201cRice\u201d c\u00f2n \u201cN\u1ebfp\u201d l\u00e0 \u201cSticky Rice\u201d hay \u201cGlutinous Rice\u201d c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u201c<em>Oryza sativa<\/em>\u201d thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd \u201cGraminae\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e2y d\u1ea1ng b\u1ee5i c\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qua l\u00faa ch\u00e9t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m.<\/p><p>L\u00faa g\u1ea1o l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c cho h\u01a1n 2\/3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u Phi.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u00faa g\u1ea1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u201cIRRI\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng\/d\u00f2ng L\u00faa c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu hay kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1eefu sinh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 sinh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa, gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5p c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao (High-Yielding Varieties = HYV) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra phong tr\u00e0o \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng xanh\u201d (Green revolution) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961-1985 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng IR8 do IRRI lai lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f2ng th\u00edch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 Norman Ernest Borlaug \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1970. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1985 qua c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n (Genetic manipulation = GM) lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cu\u1ed9c \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gene\u201d nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2006, quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u201c<em>The Gene Revolution: GM Crops and Unequal Development<\/em>\u201d t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gene &#8211; C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n gene v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 Sakiko Fukuda-Parr \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Gene\u201d.<\/p><p>V\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa: C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hay qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng L\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5\/2019 c\u1ee7a IRRI l\u00e0 IR80398 d\u00f2ng. Khi tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f2ng\/gi\u1ed1ng\u201d v\u00ec trong danh s\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng. D\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n ly v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao, d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v.v\u2026<\/p><p>Gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u201cL\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng\u201d: Gi\u1ed1ng IR64 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00faa th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 qui tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec khi thu ho\u1ea1ch Gi\u1ed1ng IR64 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng\u201d.<\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean xin \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (traditional rice) Nam b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh cao c\u00e2y, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi quang k\u1ef3 (l\u00faa c\u1ea5y hay s\u1ea1 sau n\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i qua th\u00e1ng 10 \u00e2l. l\u00faa m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng \u201cth\u00e1ng 10 ch\u01b0a c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec t\u1ed1i\u201d l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ng\u1eafn) v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 1 v\u1ee5.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 V\u00e9 V\u00e0ng, N\u00e0ng Th\u01a1m, S\u00f3c n\u00e2u, \u0110\u1ed1c Ph\u1ee5ng, M\u00f3ng Chim, C\u00e0 \u0110ung, T\u00e0u Ch\u1ec7t C\u1ee5t, T\u00e0u H\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ba Ki\u1ebfu, Tr\u00e1ng L\u1ef1a, Ti\u1ec1u M\u1eb5ng, Huy\u1ebft R\u1ed3ng, Ch\u00e2u H\u1ea1ng V\u00f5, N\u00e0ng Loan, N\u00e0ng Th\u01a1m Ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u00e0o.\u2026 H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 qua ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi n\u00ean r\u1ea5t thu\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao, d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o.<\/p><p>Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng L\u00faa t\u1eeb \u201cIRRI\u201d h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn (improved rice).<\/p><p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5: Gi\u1ed1ng IR2061-214-3-8-2 (\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 International Rice 28 = IR28 n\u0103m 1974).<\/p><p>S\u1ed1 2061 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 2061 d\u00f2ng lai, \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F2 (F1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2ng) r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng F3 theo h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebfp (do qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u201cF2\u2026F6\u201d c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 gia ph\u1ea3 \u201cPedigree\u201d n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1) trong th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F3 n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y l\u00e0 806 h\u00e0ng l\u00faa. Khi l\u00faa ch\u00edn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5y \u1edf h\u00e0ng 214 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee5i l\u00faa \u0111\u1eb9p, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y 3 b\u1ee5i. S\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 IR2061-214 v\u00e0 3 b\u1ee5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam t\u1eeb b\u1ee5i s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 3 l\u00e0 IR2061-214-1 (b\u1ee5i s\u1ed1 1), IR2061-214-2 v\u00e0 IR2061-214-3. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5y b\u1ee5i s\u1ed1 3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 2 b\u1ee5i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u00ean l\u1ea5y IR2061-214-3 (F4) c\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p><p>Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F5 c\u0169ng c\u1ea5y theo h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn 10 b\u1ee5i n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 IR2061-214-3-1\u2026.\u0111\u1ebfn IR2061-214-3-10. Sau c\u00f9ng b\u1ee5i th\u1ee9 8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn n\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 IR2061-214-3-8. L\u1ea5y b\u1ee5i n\u1ea7y c\u1ea5y \u1edf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F6. Ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 b\u1ee5i IR2061-214-3-8-1\u2026. IR2061-214-3-8-3 nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 IR2061-214-3-8-2. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 IR28 = IR2061-214-3-8-2. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 IR36, IR42\u2026<\/p><p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 \u201cL\u00faa n\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (upland rice), \u201cL\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u\u201d (deep water rice), \u201cL\u00faa hoang\u201d (wild rice), \u201cL\u00faa th\u01a1m\u201d (aromatic rice), v\u00e0 \u201cL\u00faa v\u00e0ng\u201d (golden rice) do c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n gene \u201cvitamin\u201d nh\u01b0 vitamin A\u2026 V\u00ec \u201cIRRI\u201d \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i Philippines v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u00faa Philippines (PhilRice) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1985 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m tra to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n di t\u1eed (germplasm) c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eefa l\u00e0 PSBRc (Philippine Seed Board Rice). Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch \u1edf Philippines sau n\u0103m 1988 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh PSBRc.<\/p><p>L\u00faa c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 r\u1ec5 l\u00faa, r\u1ec5 thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng r\u1ec5 ch\u00f9m (crown root), ch\u1ed3i l\u00faa c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 40 ch\u1ed3i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng. L\u00e1 l\u00faa m\u1ecdc t\u1eeb m\u1eaft l\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch nhau (l\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi, l\u00e1 tr\u00ean) do giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh (ch\u01b0a v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00f3ng, n\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eaft s\u00e1t nhau, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u00f3ng) l\u00e1 l\u00faa c\u0169ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 21 l\u00e1, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u00f3ng th\u1eadt th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 9-12 l\u00f3ng. Gi\u00e9 l\u00faa (panicle) c\u00f3 gi\u00e9 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u00e9 ph\u1ee5, c\u00e1c gi\u00e9 l\u00faa mang b\u00f4ng l\u00faa (spiklet) (v\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t hoa), b\u00f4ng l\u00faa l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh sau n\u1ea7y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t l\u00faa (grain); m\u1ed9t gi\u00e9 l\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c h\u1ea1t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ba tr\u0103m h\u1ea1t l\u00faa.<\/p><p>Hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f2ng (booting stage) v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ed5 hoa (flowering stage) th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3932\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3932\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ed5 hoa th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n:<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3932\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3932\"><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4711 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/hhh.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/hhh.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/hhh-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/hhh-600x408.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 1. (A) H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e9 l\u00faa, (B) C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u00f4ng l\u00faa, (C &amp; D) H\u1ea1t l\u00faa; (E) C\u00e1c bao ph\u1ea5n, d\u1ec9nh tr\u1ea5u hay v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5n b\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 (m\u0169i t\u00ean), (F-H) B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1i: b\u1ea7u no\u00e3n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00e1 no\u00e3n (nu\u1ed1m v\u00e0 v\u00f2i nh\u1ee5y).<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4721 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2-600x449.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 2. (A) Gi\u00e9 l\u00faa, (B) C\u00e1c hoa l\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee5 tinh v\u00e0 bao ph\u1ea5n c\u0169 (h\u01b0) \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t \u0111ang th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n (2 v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u m\u1edf ra v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bao ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3933\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3933\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f2ng:<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3933\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3933\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 3. (A) Sau v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00f3ng (m\u0169i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t hay m\u1eaft, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00e0 l\u00f3ng) \u0111ang ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f2ng, (B-C) \u0110\u00f2ng \u0111ang ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a (1-2mm) c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, (D) \u0110\u00e3 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f2ng xong, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u00e9 (ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean gi\u00e9.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4725 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture1.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture1-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture1-600x270.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3934\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3934\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">V\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3934\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3934\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft l\u00faa g\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0103n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb l\u00faa g\u1ea1o (c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfp). Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong l\u00faa g\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><table width=\"610\"><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"4\" width=\"610\"><p><strong>B\u1ea2NG 1. TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ea6N DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG TRONG 100g\u00a0 G\u1ea0O TI\u00caU D\u00d9NG<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\" width=\"610\"><p><strong>N\u0102NG L\u01af\u1ee2NG (CALORIES) 73,5<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"113\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"113\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>(%) B\u1ed5 sung cho nhu c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\" width=\"377\"><p><strong>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 0,1g<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>0%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"226\"><p>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o h\u00f2a tan 0g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>0%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"226\"><p>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb 0g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\" width=\"377\"><p><strong>Cholesterol 0mg<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>0%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Sodium 0mg<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"226\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>0%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\" width=\"377\"><p><strong>Carbohydrate t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 16,9g<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>6%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"226\"><p>Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 1,3g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>5%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"226\"><p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 0g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"3\" width=\"377\"><p><strong>Protein 1,1g<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>2%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Vitamin A<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>0,8%<\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>Vitamin C<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>63,3%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Calcium<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>0,2%<\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>S\u1eaft (Iron)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>88,9%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Riboflavin <\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>7,6%<\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>Niacin<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>2,2%<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Phosphorus<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>3,6%<\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"233\">\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"4\" width=\"610\"><p><strong>(%) B\u1ed5 sung sung h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y d\u1ef1a theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 2.000<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\">\u00a0<\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>Calories<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>2.000<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p><strong>2.500<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>\u00cdt h\u01a1n <\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>65g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>80g<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o h\u00f2a tan<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>\u00cdt h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>20g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>25g<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Cholesterol<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>\u00cdt h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>300mg<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>300mg<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"150\"><p><strong>Sodium<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p><strong>\u00cdt h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>2.400mg<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>2.400mg<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"264\"><p><strong>Carbohydrate T. s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>300g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>375g<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\" width=\"264\"><p><strong>Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"113\"><p>25g<\/p><\/td><td width=\"233\"><p>30g<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4730 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2.pngdad.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2.pngdad.png 580w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture2.pngdad-262x300.png 262w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/span><br \/><\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">H\u00ecnh 4. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa kh\u00e1c nhau cho ra g\u1ea1o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center; line-height: 150%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3935\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3935\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">V\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa:<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3935\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3935\"><p>T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam vi\u1ec7c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa tu\u0300y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u0323a th\u00ea\u0301 \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111ai cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 h\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng thuy\u0309 l\u01a1\u0323i ma\u0300 co\u0301 vu\u0300ng tr\u00f4\u0300ng 2 vu\u0323 lu\u0301a \/ n\u0103m ho\u0103\u0323c 3 vu\u0323 lu\u0301a \/ n\u0103m; th\u00e2\u0323m chi\u0301 co\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 7 vu\u0323 lu\u0301a \/ 2 n\u0103m; 1 l\u00faa + 1 t\u00f4m, l\u00faa t\u00f4m hay l\u00faa c\u00e1, l\u00faa t\u00f4m + t\u00f4m. T\u01b0\u0300 n\u0103m 1992 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u0300nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u00faa nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh &#8220;Qua\u0309n Ly\u0301 Di\u0323ch Ha\u0323i t\u00f4\u0309ng H\u01a1\u0323p&#8221; (IPM), \u201ckh\u00f4ng phun thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u s\u1edbm \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u201c40 NSKS\u201d, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201c3 gi\u1ea3m 3 t\u0103ng\u201d, \u201cM\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i 5 gi\u1ea3m\u201d, \u201cGieo s\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u00e9 r\u1ea7y\u201d, \u201cC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ta\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n h\u00ea\u0323 sinh tha\u0301i ma\u0300 chu\u0301ng \u0111ang sinh s\u00f4\u0301ng, h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u201ch\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d, \u201ch\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i kh\u1ecfe hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng\u201d. Khi \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfe, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfe, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng cao, thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u201cph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong \u201ch\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 di tr\u00fa d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n canh t\u00e1c sau l\u0169 l\u1ee5t hay kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00e0n lan tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng hay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n th\u00ec qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n gia t\u0103ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y \u201cIPM\u201d l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt th\u00ec trong quy\u1ec3n s\u1ed5 tay h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u00faa\u201d s\u1ebd gi\u00fap nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i hay qui tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng minh s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4734 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ddd.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"609\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ddd.png 609w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ddd-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ddd-600x410.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa F2 \u0111ang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4735 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/rr.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"608\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/rr.png 608w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/rr-300x119.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/rr-600x238.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa F2 \u0111ang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u00e0o ch\u1eafc<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3936\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3936\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.1. B\u1ecd tr\u0129 hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00f9 l\u1ea1ch (Rice Thrips).<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3936\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3936\"><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u00f9ng b\u1ecd tr\u0129 <em>Thrips (Bagnallia) oryzae<\/em>\u00a0Williams c\u00f9ng t\u00ean<em> Stenchaetothrips biformis<\/em>.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebb t\u1eebng tr\u1ee9ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong m\u00f4 l\u00e1, h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, khi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong su\u1ed1t, l\u00fac s\u1eafp n\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng xanh. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ee9ng: 4-5 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u00e2u non m\u1edbi n\u1edf th\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong su\u1ed1t, sau l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00e2u non: 5-8 ng\u00e0y (tu\u1ed5i 1 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i 2).<\/p><p>&#8211; Nh\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m ngay trong bao l\u00e1 m\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 cu\u1ed1n l\u1ea1i, nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng s\u1eabm, kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, c\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 4. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ed9ng: 2-3 ng\u00e0y (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i 3 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i 4).<\/p><p>&#8211; Con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh m\u1edbi v\u0169 ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u00e1ng, sau chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u0111en. kh\u00e1 nhanh nh\u1eb9n, c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 1cm. R\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh chu\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t 7 \u0111\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed1t g\u1ed1c to h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t tr\u00ean, m\u1eaft k\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh thon d\u00e0i h\u1eb9p, con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh: 10-18 ng\u00e0y. Con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebb kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tr\u1ee9ng, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebb g\u1ecdn trong 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebb nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 2, 3, 4. T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda Nam b\u1ecd tr\u0129 trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 l\u00faa ph\u00e1t sinh 1-3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf\u00a0h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 2.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4743 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/btri.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/btri.png 589w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/btri-300x138.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 5. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ecd tr\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean l\u00faa (tr\u00e1i), tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd tr\u0129: \u00a0<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4742 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vdbt.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"418\" height=\"421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vdbt.png 418w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vdbt-298x300.png 298w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vdbt-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/vdbt-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 418px) 100vw, 418px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 6. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd tr\u0129 tr\u00ean l\u00faa t\u1eeb 12-18 ng\u00e0y<\/p><p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecd tr\u0129 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 28<sup>o<\/sup>C \u0111\u1ebfn 32<sup>o<\/sup>C. G\u1eb7p th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u01b0a s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 b\u1ecd tr\u0129. Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 b\u1ecd tr\u0129 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00ec trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. B\u1ecd tr\u0129 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c cao \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i: <\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ecd tr\u0129 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 l\u00e1 l\u00faa. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 ch\u00fang ch\u00edch h\u00fat ph\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n ch\u00f3p c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5m l\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng, khi ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ed7 b\u1ecb ch\u00edch h\u00fat m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n qu\u0103n l\u1ea1i. B\u1ecd tr\u0129 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 l\u00faa tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 7 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 ng\u00e0y sau khi s\u1ea1.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4747 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2140\" height=\"778\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7.png 2140w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-1024x372.png 1024w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-768x279.png 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-1536x558.png 1536w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-2048x745.png 2048w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/7-600x218.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2140px) 100vw, 2140px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 7. Ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb b\u1ecd tr\u0129 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng (tr\u00e1i) do thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 l\u00faa (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; N\u00ean d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00ec b\u1ecd tr\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng k\u00fd sinh tr\u00ean c\u1ecf.<\/p><p>&#8211; M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m, bao g\u1ed3m <em>Paecilomyces<\/em> spp. v\u00e0 <em>Verticillium lecanii<\/em>, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u1ed1t b\u1ecd tr\u0129.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 Cao c\u1ea5p Genki\/Hakase tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1eef \u1ea9m, r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh, t\u1ea1o l\u00e1 s\u1edbm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00e1 m\u1edbi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, l\u00e1 d\u1ec5 bung ra, b\u1ecd tr\u0129 kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa b\u1ecf \u0111i.<\/p><p>&#8211; Phun Annong Grow C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y gi\u00fap c\u00e2y l\u00faa ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c <strong>VINUP 40EC g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 2 g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Abamectin v\u00e0 Azadirachtin<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 phun khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. \u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4751 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"543\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/8.jpg 543w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/8-300x180.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 8. L\u00faa giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecd tr\u0129<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3937\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3937\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.2. S\u00e2u n\u0103n hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mu\u00f4\u0303i ha\u0300nh (Rice Gall Midge) <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3937\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3937\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u n\u0103n <em>Orseolia (=Pachydiplosis) oryzae<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u0301ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111e\u0309 tha\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0300ng tr\u01b0\u0301ng ho\u0103\u0323c tha\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0300ng nho\u0301m n\u0103\u0300m d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i m\u0103\u0323t la\u0301 va\u0300 g\u00e2\u0300n g\u00f4\u0301c la\u0301, \u0111\u00f4i khi tr\u01b0\u0301ng cu\u0303ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111e\u0309 \u01a1\u0309 be\u0323 lu\u0301a. M\u00f4\u0323t tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh ca\u0301i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111e\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300 100-200 tr\u01b0\u0301ng. Tr\u01b0\u0301ng m\u01a1\u0301i \u0111e\u0309 co\u0301 ma\u0300u s\u0103\u0301c thay \u0111\u00f4\u0309i t\u01b0\u0300 ma\u0300u tr\u0103\u0301ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ma\u0300u h\u00f4\u0300ng, \u0111o\u0309 ho\u0103\u0323c va\u0300ng; nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c khi n\u01a1\u0309 chu\u0301ng \u0111\u00ea\u0300u chuy\u00ea\u0309n sang ma\u0300u va\u0300ng. Tr\u01b0\u0301ng r\u00e2\u0301t c\u00e2\u0300n \u00e2\u0309m \u0111\u00f4\u0323 cao \u0111\u00ea\u0309 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n va\u0300 n\u01a1\u0309. Giai \u0111oa\u0323n tr\u01b0\u0301ng t\u01b0\u0300 3-4 nga\u0300y thi\u0300 n\u01a1\u0309. Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh ca\u0301i sau khi vu\u0303 ho\u0301a 12-18 gi\u01a1\u0300 ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n thi\u0300 ch\u00ea\u0301t, \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng trung bi\u0300nh 3 nga\u0300y.<\/p><p>\u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng m\u01a1\u0301i n\u01a1\u0309 co\u0301 ma\u0300u tr\u0103\u0301ng xa\u0301m, chu\u0301ng c\u00e2\u0300n khoa\u0309ng 6 gi\u01a1\u0300 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 bo\u0300 xu\u00f4\u0301ng phi\u00ea\u0301n la\u0301 v\u01a1\u0301i m\u00f4\u0323t l\u01a1\u0301p s\u01b0\u01a1ng mo\u0309ng sau \u0111o\u0301 bo\u0300 xu\u00f4\u0301ng be\u0323 la\u0301 va\u0300 th\u00e2n r\u00f4\u0300i \u0111u\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t l\u00f4\u0309 \u01a1\u0309 b\u00ean tr\u00ean ho\u0103\u0323c b\u00ean ca\u0323nh cu\u0309a \u0111\u00f4\u0301t lu\u0301a \u0111\u00ea\u0309 chui va\u0300o. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng m\u00f4\u0323t \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng chi\u0309 \u0111u\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t ch\u00f4\u0300i. \u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng tra\u0309i qua 3 tu\u00f4\u0309i t\u01b0\u0300 15-20 nga\u0300y.<\/p><p>Nh\u00f4\u0323ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong la\u0301 ha\u0300nh hay c\u1ecdng n\u0103n, nh\u00f4\u0323ng r\u00e2\u0301t d\u00ea\u0303 ph\u00e2n bi\u00ea\u0323t nh\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u01b0\u0323c va\u0300 nh\u00f4\u0323ng ca\u0301i nh\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c va\u0300 ma\u0300u s\u0103\u0301c, nh\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u01b0\u0323c co\u0301 ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c nho\u0309 va\u0300 co\u0301 ma\u0300u n\u00e2u trong khi nh\u00f4\u0323ng ca\u0301i co\u0301 ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c l\u01a1\u0301n h\u01a1n va\u0300 co\u0301 ma\u0300u ti\u0301m nha\u0323t, chu\u0301ng se\u0303 chuy\u00ea\u0309n sang ma\u0300u t\u00f4\u0301i h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c khi vu\u0303 hoa\u0301.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4756 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"363\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/9.png 363w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/9-300x158.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 363px) 100vw, 363px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 9. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u00e2u n\u0103n (Mu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh)<\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh co\u0301 hi\u0300nh da\u0323ng gi\u00f4\u0301ng nh\u01b0 mu\u00f4\u0303i th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng, co\u0301 t\u00e2\u0323p ti\u0301nh hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng va\u0300o ban \u0111\u00eam va\u0300 bi\u0323 h\u00e2\u0301p d\u00e2\u0303n b\u01a1\u0309i a\u0301nh sa\u0301ng \u0111e\u0300n. Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh ca\u0301i co\u0301 ma\u0300u \u0111o\u0309 sa\u0301ng phi\u0301a d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i bu\u0323ng. Ngay sau khi vu\u0303 ho\u0301a thi\u0300 v\u01b0\u0300a bay v\u01b0\u0300a b\u0103\u0301t c\u0103\u0323p va\u0300 i\u0301t gi\u01a1\u0300 sau thi\u0300 \u0111e\u0309. \u1ede giai \u0111oa\u0323n ti\u00ea\u0300n nh\u00f4\u0323ng co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ng\u0169 nghi\u0309 va\u0300 ng\u01b0ng hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng trong lu\u0301a hoang ho\u0103\u0323c co\u0309 da\u0323i trong su\u00f4\u0301t mu\u0300a kh\u00f4, giai \u0111oa\u0323n nh\u00f4\u0323ng t\u01b0\u0300 2-8 nga\u0300y. Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng vu\u0303 ho\u0301a va\u0300o ban \u0111\u00eam ho\u0103\u0323c sa\u0301ng s\u01a1\u0301m.<\/p><p><strong>+ Vo\u0300ng \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00e2u n\u0103n.<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4755 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"545\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/10.png 545w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/10-300x212.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 545px) 100vw, 545px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 10. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u n\u0103n t\u1eeb 25-30 ng\u00e0y<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u00ea\u0323u ch\u01b0\u0301ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng khi xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n ra b\u00ean ngoa\u0300i sau khi c\u00e2y lu\u0301a bi\u0323 s\u00e2u n\u0103n t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng thi\u0300 la\u0301 \u0111o\u0323t co\u0301 ma\u0300u xanh nha\u0323t ho\u0103\u0323c tr\u0103\u0301ng ba\u0323c, khi quan sa\u0301t ky\u0303 \u0111o\u0323t lu\u0301a gi\u00f4\u0301ng nh\u01b0 la\u0301 ha\u0300nh hay c\u1ecdng n\u0103n, co\u0301 chi\u00ea\u0300u da\u0300i khoa\u0309ng 10-30 cm va\u0300 chi\u00ea\u0300u r\u00f4\u0323ng khoa\u0309ng 1 cm.<\/p><p>\u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng s\u00f4\u0301ng b\u00ean trong va\u0300 t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u0309nh sinh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a. Do v\u00e2\u0323y, no\u0301 la\u0300m ki\u0301ch thi\u0301ch s\u01b0\u0323 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n \u0111i\u0309nh t\u00e2m sinh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng cu\u0309a la\u0301 s\u01a1 kh\u01a1\u0309i trong cu\u0300ng bi\u0323 v\u0103\u0323n, theo sau la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 ke\u0301o da\u0300i cu\u0309a be\u0323 la\u0301. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng sau khi \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng va\u0300o \u0111i\u0309nh sinh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a thi\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t tu\u00e2\u0300n sau \u0111o\u0301 &#8220;la\u0301 ha\u0300nh&#8221; se\u0303 xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n. Ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n s\u00e2u n\u0103n t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u0300 giai \u0111oa\u0323n ma\u0323 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n cu\u00f4\u0301i \u0111e\u0309 nha\u0301nh. M\u1ed1t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang c\u0169ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u00faa ch\u00e9t (ratooning) sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n va\u0300 g\u00e2y ha\u0323i chi\u0301nh \u01a1\u0309 va\u0300o mu\u0300a m\u01b0a tr\u00ean lu\u0301a n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ca\u0323n, tuy nhi\u00ean cu\u0303ng th\u00e2\u0301y chu\u0301ng xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n ngay ca\u0309 tr\u00ean lu\u0301a \u0110\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 v\u1eeba qua. \u01a0\u0309 nh\u01b0\u0303ng gi\u00f4\u0301ng lu\u0301a co\u0301 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng nh\u00e2\u0309y ch\u00f4\u0300i nhi\u00ea\u0300u g\u0103\u0323p \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t thi\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p cho s\u00e2u n\u0103n nh\u01b0ng thi\u00ean \u0111i\u0323ch i\u0301t thi\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 g\u00e2y ha\u0323i cu\u0309a chu\u0301ng gia t\u0103ng m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 r\u00e2\u0301t nhanh.<\/p><p>S\u00e2u n\u0103n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 hoa\u0300n tha\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0300 1 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 2 th\u00ea\u0301 h\u00ea\u0323 trong co\u0309 r\u00f4\u0300i sau \u0111o\u0301 bay va\u0300o ru\u00f4\u0323ng lua\u0301. Nh\u01b0\u0303ng nga\u0300y co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u m\u00e2y, \u00e2\u0309m \u0111\u00f4\u0323 trung bi\u0300nh khoa\u0309ng 75% va\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323 trung bi\u0300nh t\u00f4\u0301i ha\u0309o la\u0300 t\u01b0\u0300 23-27<sup>0<\/sup>C thi\u0300 thi\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p cho s\u00e2u n\u0103n pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n m\u00e2\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u n\u0103n: Co\u0309 Chi\u0309 <em>(Cynodon dactylon<\/em> (L.) Pers.<em>)<\/em>, Co\u0309 L\u00f4\u0300ng v\u01b0\u0323c ca\u0323n (<em>Echinochloa colona<\/em> (L.) Link, Co\u0309 L\u00f4ng gai \u0111en (<em>Heteropogon contortus<\/em> (L.) Beauv., <em>Panicum miliaceum<\/em> L., <em>Sacciolepis interrpta<\/em> (Willd.) Stapf, L\u00faa hoang (<em>Oryza offiscinalis<\/em>).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4760 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/11-600x398.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 11. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u n\u0103n (khi th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ecdng h\u00e0nh hay n\u0103n l\u00e0 mu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1ecfi)<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p q<\/strong><strong>u\u1ea3n l\u00fd <\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u00e2u n\u0103n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 n\u00ean b\u00f3n l\u00f3t ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 cao c\u1ea5p <strong>Genki\/Hakase<\/strong>, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed3i s\u1edbm.<\/p><p>&#8211; Khi t\u0103ng ph\u00e2n \u0110a\u0323m cao thi\u0300 m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 s\u00e2u n\u0103n gia t\u0103ng m\u00e2\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301, ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c la\u0323i khi gia t\u0103ng ph\u00e2n \u0110a\u0323m co\u0301 k\u00ea\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p v\u01a1\u0301i ph\u00e2n L\u00e2n thi\u0300 se\u0303 gia\u0309m ty\u0309 l\u00ea\u0323 s\u00e2u n\u0103n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u00e2u n\u0103n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u201cChu\u1ed3n chu\u1ed3n\u201d. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n h\u1ec7 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec s\u00e2u n\u0103n lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/p><p>&#8211; Hai lo\u00e0i ong k\u00fd sinh l\u00e0 <em>Propicroscytus oryzae<\/em> (k\u00fd sinh \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng) v\u00e0 <em>Platygaster <\/em>sp. (k\u00fd sinh nh\u1ed9ng) l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 80%.<\/p><p>&#8211; \u1ede nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean 30% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ed3i, b\u00f3n th\u00eam ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y l\u00faa c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ed3i h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u m\u1edbi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>&#8211; Phun ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1 <strong>Annong GROW c\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y<\/strong> ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 (15-20 ng\u00e0y sau s\u1ea1) v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh (25-30 ng\u00e0y sau s\u1ea1) ho\u1eb7c ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng cao.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3938\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3938\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.3. S\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf (Rice leaf folder)\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3938\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3938\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf <em>(Cnaphalococis medinalis)<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u1ee9ng: H\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 v\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ebb t\u1eebng tr\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1, tr\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee5c khi g\u1ea7n n\u1edf chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u ng\u00e0 v\u00e0ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u00e2u non: S\u00e2u non c\u00f3 5 tu\u1ed5i, m\u1edbi m\u1edf m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng trong, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en, khi l\u1edbn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 m\u1ea1 &#8211; m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u00e1ng.<\/p><p>Tu\u1ed5i 1 r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f2 kh\u1eafp tr\u00ean l\u00e1, chui v\u00e0o trong b\u1eb9 l\u00e1; tu\u1ed5i 2, 3 tr\u1edf \u0111i nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e2u 2 m\u00e9p l\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m t\u01a1 r\u00fat l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 s\u00e2u non n\u1eb1m trong c\u1ea1p bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec. S\u00e2u non \u0111\u1eaby s\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng h\u1ed3ng chui ra kh\u1ecfi bao b\u00f2 xu\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c l\u00faa, b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 d\u1ec7t k\u00e9n m\u1ecfng ho\u00e1 nh\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e1 nh\u1ed9ng trong bao l\u00e1.<\/p><p>&#8211; Nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3\u00a0m\u00e0u\u00a0v\u00e0ng &#8211; n\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong l\u00e1 b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n.<\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh: M\u00e9p tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 hai v\u1ec7t xi\u00ean m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en t\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u00e9p c\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng 2\/3 c\u00e1nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng bay kh\u00f4ng xa, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam, ban ng\u00e0y \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 xu t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, con c\u00e1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n con \u0111\u1ef1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng xanh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng, m\u1ed7i con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u00ean 100 tr\u1ee9ng, r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean l\u00e1 l\u00faa.\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4765 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/12-600x155.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 12: H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ee9ng (A), \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i 5 (B), nh\u1ed9ng (C) v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (D) c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf<\/p><h2><strong>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi: <\/strong><\/h2><p>&#8211; Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng:\u00a0 6 &#8211; 7 ng\u00e0y;<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u00e2u non: 14 &#8211; 16 ng\u00e0y;<\/p><p>&#8211; Nh\u1ed9ng: 6 &#8211; 7 ng\u00e0y;<\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1ng: 2 &#8211; 6 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4766 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/13.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/13.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/13-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/13-600x450.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 13. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u00eau ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4776 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/14.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/14.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/14-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/14-600x263.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd: <\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1, c\u1ea5y v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, lu\u00f4n t\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 t\u00e1n l\u00e1 kh\u1ecfe (healthy canopy), b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 d\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi bay l\u00ean khi c\u00f3 l\u00e1 n\u1eb1m ngang th\u00ec m\u1edbi b\u00e1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i xung quanh.<\/p><p>&#8211; Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng NPK, b\u1ed5 sung ph\u00e2n trung vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua l\u00e1 nh\u01b0 Annong GROW C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p><p>&#8211; C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, n\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch.<\/p><p>&#8211; Khi th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c <strong>VINUP 40EC hay Gold GUM 0,3EC.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3939\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3939\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.4. S\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn (Rice skipper)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3939\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3939\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i <em>Pelopidas mathias<\/em>.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p><p>Th\u00e0nh tr\u00f9ng m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, khi \u0111\u1eadu x\u1ebfp c\u00e1nh nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y 4 c\u00e1nh, 2 c\u00e1nh sau n\u1eb1m b\u00ean trong x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh b\u00e1nh l\u00e1i, 2 c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u1eafng x\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n n\u1eeda c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t mo, m\u1eaft to, cu\u1ed1i r\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u201cm\u00f3c\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng bay theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201czigzag\u201d con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n nhau c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng s\u1eefa, l\u00fac g\u1ea7n n\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm.<\/p><p>\u00a0\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u1ed5. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 5 tu\u1ed5i, ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u01a1 nh\u01b0ng khi v\u00e0o nh\u1ed9ng th\u00ec nh\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea7n.<\/p><p><strong>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4780 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/15.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/15.png 520w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/15-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 15. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn <em>Pelopidas mathias<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng khi m\u1edbi n\u1edf cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u1eb7p bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec l\u00e0 d\u1ecdc theo g\u00e2n l\u00e1, \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u00fang b\u00f2 ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5m v\u00e0o 2-3 l\u00e1 x\u1ebfp d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u00e1 l\u00e0 do s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4784 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/16.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"306\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/16.png 636w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/16-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/16-600x289.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 16. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ch\u01b0a khi n\u00e0o s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39310\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39310\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.5. S\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n, s\u00e2u keo (Swarming worm\/Army worm)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39310\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39310\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Tr\u00ean ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 2 ch\u1ee7ng (genus) hay gi\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n, s\u00e2u keo, s\u00e2u \u0103n t\u1ea1p (<em>Mythimma separata<\/em>, <em>Spodoptera litura <\/em>v\u00e0<em> Spodoptera mauritia<\/em>) t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u1ecf hoang n\u00ean c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eb1m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nhau. Ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam (ng\u00e0i) Noctuidae. Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y xin \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i <em>Spodoptera mauritia <\/em>(c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n) v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00faa \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p>Con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh m\u1eadp m\u1ea1p l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 15-20 mm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1nh t\u1eeb 30-40 mm. C\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbm c\u00e1i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u x\u00e1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m. B\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00f9m l\u00f4ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh sau c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u1edbi r\u00eca m\u1ecfng m\u00e0u \u0111en. B\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 \u1ea9n n\u00e1u trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebd h\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh bay m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 giao ph\u1ed1i 1-2 ng\u00e0y sau b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p><p>L\u00faa giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec b\u01b0\u1edbm th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng. B\u01b0\u1edbm th\u00ec t\u1eeb c\u00e1c g\u00f2 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, do ch\u00fang \u0103n c\u1ecf khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u00faa, l\u00e0m nh\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t, khi n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng nh\u1ed9ng ng\u1ee7 ngh\u0129 (diapause) khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 m\u01b0a, xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec nh\u1ed9ng v\u0169 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbm.<\/p><p>+ Tr\u1ee9ng<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t con c\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebb 5-6 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng thon d\u00e0i, m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9a 150-200 tr\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c l\u00e1 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng x\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n h\u1eadu m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i. M\u1ed7i tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u00e0u kem khi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb sau chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u n\u00e2u. Tr\u1ee9ng th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 5-6 ng\u00e0y. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee9ng do con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb t\u1eeb 528 \u0111\u1ebfn 1084 tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau khi giao ph\u1ed1i. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 1332-2368 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebb l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2750 tr\u1ee9ng trong v\u00f2ng 3-9 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p>+ \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1edf v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng m\u1edbi n\u1edf r\u1ea5t nhanh nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0103n ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e1. Ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c m\u00e9p cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 non n\u00ean kh\u00f3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 bay theo gi\u00f3 qua \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c Con m\u1edbi n\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t l\u01b0ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng s\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 2 mm v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean t\u00e1n l\u00e1. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i qua 5-6 tu\u1ed5i,\u00a0 th\u1eddi gian 17-32 ng\u00e0y. Khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u n\u00e2u x\u00e1m v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1m \u0111en \u1edf 2 b\u00ean th\u00e2n.\u00a0 \u0110\u1ea7u nang c\u1ee7a \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm, c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean d\u1ecdc theo c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1eabm m\u00e0u. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eaby s\u1ee9c d\u00e0i 35-40 mm, m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m s\u1eadm. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau, khi b\u1ecb va ch\u1ea1m \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung cho lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p><p>+ Nh\u1ed9ng<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1ed9ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eaby s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o hang trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho h\u00f3a nh\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 13-17 mm, c\u00f3 hai gai m\u1ea3nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh cu\u1ed1i th\u00e2n, nh\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 7-10 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p><strong> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4788 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/17.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"551\" height=\"417\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/17.png 551w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/17-300x227.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 551px) 100vw, 551px\" \/><\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 17. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i <em>Mythimma separata<\/em><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4792 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"548\" height=\"413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/18.png 548w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/18-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 18. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i <em>Spodoptera litura<\/em><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4793 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/19.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"538\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/19.png 538w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/19-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 19. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i <em>Spodoptera mauritia<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p>S\u00e2u tu\u1ed5i 1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eb7m th\u1ee7ng m\u00f4 l\u00e1 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf. T\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 2-3 s\u00e2u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chui xu\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1c, ban ng\u00e0y n\u1eb1m cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c, ban \u0111\u00eam b\u00f2 l\u00ean c\u1eafn \u0111\u1ee9t ngang th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, s\u00e2u tu\u1ed5i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, hay m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng cao s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0n l\u1edbn l\u00fac n\u1ea7y ch\u00fang c\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ban ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn ban \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 c\u1eafn ph\u00e1 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t ngang. Khi ru\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n, s\u00e2u s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n sang ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0n n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"561\" height=\"339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20.png 561w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20-300x181.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 561px) 100vw, 561px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 20. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean l\u00faa c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n <em>Spodoptera mauritia<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd: <\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t hoang xung quanh ru\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0n.<\/p><p>&#8211; D\u1eabn d\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng b\u00e3 chua ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1ea5m, r\u01b0\u1ee3u, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 4: 4: 1: 1 cho th\u00eam 1% thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u.<\/p><p>&#8211; Khi ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 s\u00e2u qu\u00e1 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3 v\u1ecb v\u00e0o \u0103n.\u00a0<\/p><p>&#8211; V\u00ec s\u00e2u s\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh to, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00ean d\u1ec5 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c khi th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 <strong>\u201cHETSAU 0,4EC\u201d, Gold GUN 0,3EC.<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39311\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39311\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.6. S\u00e2u s\u1eebng xanh (Green horned caterpillar) (Rice evening brown)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39311\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39311\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng <em>Melanitis leda<\/em> <em>imene<\/em><\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh:<\/p><p>C\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh l\u1edbn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i d\u1ea5u m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con m\u1eaft tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn 7 \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh sau.<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng :<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng c\u1ee5m nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed7i c\u1ee5m c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2, 3 v\u00e0 6 tr\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1. M\u1ed7i qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 1mm), c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t pha m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n m\u1ecbn b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng, kho\u1ea3ng 3 ng\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u1ebb th\u00ec n\u1edf.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng:<\/p><p>S\u00e2u non g\u1eb7m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0103n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 3-3,1mm. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e3y l\u00f4ng \u1edf l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 b\u00ean. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p m\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 sau, \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p s\u1eebng ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 tr\u00f2n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1ebft l\u1ed3i ra b\u00ean.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 5 tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng 15-20 ng\u00e0y, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 5 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn xanh v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u00e2u s\u1eebng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. S\u1eebng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u00ean. Tu\u1ed5i 5 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng 4,5-5,5 ng\u00e0y, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a kho\u1ea3ng 45-51mm.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Nh\u1ed9ng:<\/p><p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ed9ng 1 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o nh\u1ed9ng. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ed9ng: 21-22mm. To\u00e0n th\u00e2n nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 v\u1ecf m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tr\u00ean l\u00e1, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p. Sau 6 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1m h\u00ecnh nh\u1eabn tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y qua da nh\u1ed9ng \u1edf mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 1 ng\u00e0y b\u01b0\u1edbm tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4798 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/21.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"591\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/21.png 591w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/21-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 21. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u s\u1eebng xanh tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec s\u00e2u s\u1eebng xanh ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c trong ru\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u00faa n\u00ean kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi c\u00f2 l\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf. S\u1ef1 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u1eafn r\u00e1ch b\u00eca l\u00e1, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eafn ngang l\u00e1 l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4799 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/22.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"456\" height=\"242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/22.png 456w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/22-300x159.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 456px) 100vw, 456px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 22. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u s\u1eebng xanh<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u \u0103n l\u00e1 (leaf feeding insect) v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng cao, n\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u00e2u cu\u1ed1n l\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39312\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39312\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.7.S\u00e2u phao (Caseworm)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39312\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39312\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i <em>Nymphula depunctalis<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam nh\u1ecf, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng s\u00e1ng m\u1ecfng manh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111en nh\u1ea1t. B\u01b0\u1edbm d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 5 mm.<\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u1ee9ng: Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, d\u1eb9t, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 0,5 mm. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n. Tr\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eabm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh hai ch\u1ea5m m\u00e0u t\u00eda.<\/p><p>&#8211; \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng: M\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0u cam, mang c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i \u1edf hai b\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eaby s\u1ee9c d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 15mm.<\/p><p>&#8211; Nh\u1ed9ng: Nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u kem v\u00e0 d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 5,5 mm. Nh\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng b\u1ea1c.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4806 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/23.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"514\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/23.png 514w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/23-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 23. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u phao <em>Nymphula depunctalis<\/em> tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c s\u00e2u phao \u0103n ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 xanh c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. Phao h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng r\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng xung quanh c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i do l\u00e1 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn. Khi ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c phao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4807 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/25.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"570\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/25.png 570w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/25-300x230.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 25. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u phao, phao treo tr\u00ean th\u00e2n l\u00faa v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ru\u1ed9ng<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u1eef m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ru\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 cao, s\u00e2u d\u1ec5 di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc do phao tr\u00f4i t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u1ea7y sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea1n ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c <strong>ATANNONG 50SC, ASSASSAIN 300EC + 0,2% d\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng \u201cDK 909).<\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa: <\/em><\/strong><em>Khi c\u00f2n t\u1ec9nh Minh H\u1ea3i (nay t\u00e1ch ra l\u00e0 B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau v\u00e0 C\u00e0 Mau) c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u00e2u phao nh\u01b0ng l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9 l\u00faa, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u00e2u t\u00e0u l\u1eb7n\u201d, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ee5c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed5 tr\u00ean b\u1eb9 l\u00faa, l\u00faa k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1eadm ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cS\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9\u201d ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecbnh danh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n s\u00e2u phao v\u1eeba n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f2 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e2y n\u1ea7y sang c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/em><\/p><p><em>V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u phao \u201cNymphula depunctalis v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch sinh s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7n s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u l\u00faa v\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt thay phao m\u1edbi.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4811 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/26-600x252.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 26. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ee9ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, nh\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi kho\u1ea3ng 30-40 ng\u00e0y<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4812 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2099\" height=\"953\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27.png 2099w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-300x136.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-1024x465.png 1024w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-768x349.png 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-1536x697.png 1536w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-2048x930.png 2048w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/27-600x272.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2099px) 100vw, 2099px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 27. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9: (H. tr\u00e1i) ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u00e2u phao g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, l\u00faa ch\u1ebft; (H. ph\u1ea3i) c\u00e1c l\u1ed5 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 l\u00faa<\/p><p>S\u00e2u phao \u0111\u1ee5c b\u1eb9 \u00edt thay phao h\u01a1n lo\u00e0i \u201c<em>Nymphula depunctalis<\/em>\u201d n\u00ean phao th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t c\u0169. V\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd 2 lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u phao tr\u00ean l\u00faa ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 nhau.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39313\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39313\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.8. S\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n (Rice yellow stem borer)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39313\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39313\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng<em> Scirpophaga incertulas<\/em><\/p><p>S\u00e2u \u0111u\u0323c th\u00e2n tr\u00ean lu\u0301a cu\u0309a ca\u0309 th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t nho\u0301m kha\u0301 \u0111\u0103\u0323c tr\u01b0ng, ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n chu\u0301ng thu\u00f4\u0323c 2 ho\u0323 la\u0300 Pyralidae va\u0300 Noctuidae cu\u0309a b\u00f4\u0323 ca\u0301nh ph\u00e2\u0301n (Lepidoptera). Nho\u0301m s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n thu\u00f4\u0323c ho\u0323 Pyralidae la\u0300 nho\u0301m chung nh\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 co\u0301 ti\u0301nh ky\u0301 chu\u0309 chuy\u00ean bi\u00ea\u0323t cao; co\u0300n nho\u0301m Noctuidae la\u0300 nho\u0301m \u0103n ta\u0323p, do v\u00e2\u0323y thi\u0309nh thoa\u0309ng m\u01a1\u0301i co\u0301 g\u00e2y ra thi\u00ea\u0323t ha\u0323i v\u00ea\u0300 kinh t\u00ea\u0301. Tr\u00ean th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i co\u0301 24 loa\u0300i s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n g\u00e2y ha\u0323i cho lu\u0301a.<\/p><p>Loa\u0300i s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n ha\u0300ng n\u0103m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean lu\u0301a l\u00e0 chu\u0309 y\u00ea\u0301u (Yellow Stem Borer) hay co\u0300n go\u0323i la\u0300 s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n 2 ch\u00e2\u0301m. Do v\u00e2\u0323y, trong ph\u00e2\u0300n n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng (hai ch\u1ea5m) ma\u0300 th\u00f4i.<\/p><p>S\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c Th\u00e2n Ma\u0300u Va\u0300ng (Yellow Stem Borer), <em>Scirpophaga incertulas<\/em> (Walker), (Sigsgaard, 2000) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Co\u0301 cu\u0300ng t\u00ean La-tinh: <em>Tryporyza incertulas<\/em> (Wlk.) <em>Schoenobius incertulas<\/em> (Wlk.).<\/p><p>&#8211; Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng cu\u0309a s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ph\u00e2n bi\u00ea\u0323t d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0300ng \u0111\u01b0\u0323c va\u0300 ca\u0301i, qua hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i b\u00ean ngoa\u0300i. Con tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh ca\u0301i to h\u01a1n con \u0111\u01b0\u0323c, no\u0301 co\u0301 \u0111\u00f4i ca\u0301nh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ma\u0300u va\u0300ng sa\u0301ng, m\u00f4\u0303i ca\u0301nh co\u0301 m\u00f4\u0323t ch\u00e2\u0301m \u0111en n\u00f4\u0309i b\u00e2\u0323t \u01a1\u0309 gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0301nh; bu\u0323ng to, \u01a1\u0309 ph\u00e2\u0300n cu\u00f4\u0301i bu\u0323ng co\u0301 m\u00f4\u0323t chu\u0300m l\u00f4ng ma\u0300u va\u0300ng nha\u0323t. Con tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh \u0111\u01b0\u0323c co\u0301 ma\u0300u va\u0300ng nha\u0323t, bu\u0323ng thon, \u01a1\u0309 cu\u00f4\u0301i ph\u00e2\u0300n tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng co\u0301 m\u00f4\u0323t i\u0301t l\u00f4ng che phu\u0309; ca\u0301nh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u ch\u00e2\u0301m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f4\u0309i b\u00e2\u0323t va\u0300 kho\u0301 nhi\u0300n th\u00e2\u0301y. Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng t\u01b0\u0300 7-9 gi\u01a1\u0300 t\u00f4\u0301i. Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng ca\u0301i th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng \u0111e\u0309 va\u0300o \u0111\u00e2\u0300u h\u00f4m, do v\u00e2\u0323y khi chu\u0301ng bay va\u0300o \u0111e\u0300n thi\u0300 chu\u0301ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111e\u0309 \u01a1\u0309 b\u00e2\u0301t c\u01b0\u0301 n\u01a1i na\u0300o ma\u0300 chu\u0301ng \u0111\u00e2\u0323u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c. Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng r\u00e2\u0301t thi\u0301ch a\u0301nh sa\u0301ng \u0111e\u0300n, co\u0301 \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng t\u01b0\u0300 3-5 nga\u0300y.<\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u0301ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111e\u0309 tr\u00ean phi\u00ea\u0301n la\u0301 g\u00e2\u0300n cho\u0301p la\u0301, m\u00f4\u0303i \u00f4\u0309 tr\u01b0\u0301ng co\u0301 s\u00f4\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng t\u01b0\u0300 5 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n 150 tr\u01b0\u0301ng, \u00f4\u0309 tr\u01b0\u0301ng co\u0301 hi\u0300nh b\u00e2\u0300u du\u0323c b\u00ean ngoa\u0300i co\u0301 l\u00f4ng che phu\u0309 ma\u0300u va\u0300ng nha\u0323t, sau khi \u0111e\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300 5-7 nga\u0300y thi\u0300 tr\u01b0\u0301ng n\u01a1\u0309.<\/p><p>\u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng tu\u00f4\u0309i 1 co\u0301 chi\u00ea\u0300u da\u0300i khoa\u0309ng 1,5 mm va\u0300 r\u00f4\u0323ng 0,5 mm, co\u0301 ma\u0300u va\u0300ng nha\u0323t, \u0111\u00e2\u0300u ma\u0300u va\u0300ng cam. Sau khi n\u01a1\u0309 \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng li\u00ea\u0300n pha\u0301t ta\u0301n, chu\u0301ng di chuy\u00ea\u0309n xu\u00f4\u0301ng theo th\u00e2n c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u0300 1-2 gi\u01a1\u0300, chu\u0301ng cu\u0303ng co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 nha\u0309 t\u01a1 treo mi\u0300nh nh\u01a1\u0300 gio\u0301 pha\u0301t ta\u0301n qua c\u00e2y lu\u0301a k\u00ea\u0301 c\u00e2\u0323n. \u01a0\u0309 giai \u0111oa\u0323n n\u00e2\u0300y ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0300u bi\u0323 ch\u00ea\u0301t. Nh\u01b0\u0303ng con co\u0300n s\u00f4\u0301ng so\u0301t chui va\u0300o be\u0323 la\u0301 \u0103n m\u00f4 xanh cu\u0309a be\u0323 khoa\u0309ng 2-3 nga\u0300y, sau \u0111o\u0301 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 2 ho\u1eb7c tu\u1ed5i 3 m\u1edbi \u0111u\u0323c l\u00f4\u0309 chui va\u0300o th\u00e2n n\u0103\u0300m s\u00f4\u0301ng trong lo\u0301ng cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a va\u0300 \u0103n ph\u00eda trong ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 cu\u0309a b\u1eb9 l\u00e1. \u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n tu\u00f4\u0309i 5 da\u0300i khoa\u0309ng 25 mm co\u0301 ma\u0300u tr\u0103\u0301ng ho\u0103\u0323c tr\u0103\u0301ng va\u0300ng nha\u0323t. Chu\u0301ng nha\u0309 t\u01a1 bao phu\u0309 xung quanh va\u0300 n\u0103\u0300m b\u00ean trong sau \u0111o\u0301 la\u0300 giai \u0111oa\u0323n ti\u00ea\u0300n nh\u00f4\u0323ng. Giai \u0111oa\u0323n \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng ke\u0301o da\u0300i khoa\u0309ng 30 nga\u0300y.<\/p><p>Nh\u00f4\u0323ng b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n c\u00e2y lua\u0301, ph\u00e2\u0300n l\u01a1\u0301n nh\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u0103\u0323t n\u01a1i vi\u0323 tri\u0301 cu\u0309a lo\u0301ng th\u00e2\u0301p nh\u00e2\u0301t, nh\u00f4\u0323ng co\u0301 ma\u0300u va\u0300ng nha\u0323t r\u00f4\u0300i chuy\u00ea\u0309n sang ma\u0300u n\u00e2u t\u00f4\u0301i. Giai \u0111oa\u0323n nh\u00f4\u0323ng khoa\u0309ng 10-12 nga\u0300y. \u01a0\u0309 va\u0300o th\u01a1\u0300i gian kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 lua\u0301, g\u0103\u0323p \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t kh\u00f4 ha\u0323n, \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng tu\u00f4\u0309i l\u01a1\u0301n v\u00e0 nh\u1ed9ng co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ng\u1ee7 nghi\u0303 (diapause) trong ra\u0323 \u0111\u01a1\u0323i cho th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p (nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e2\u0300u mua\u0300) chu\u0301ng se\u0303 vu\u0303 ho\u0301a \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng loa\u0323t (synchronize). Th\u1eddi gian v\u0169 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng: 3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4820 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/28.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"501\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/28.png 501w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/28-300x229.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 28. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng <em>Scirpophaga incertulas<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00c2\u0301u tru\u0300ng s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n \u0111u\u0323c t\u01b0\u0300 be\u0323 lu\u0301a \u0111\u00ea\u0309 va\u0300o trong th\u00e2n, khi ch\u00f4\u0300i lu\u0301a bi\u0323 t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng thi\u0300 la\u0301 xoe tr\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1\u0309 ra \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c, chu\u0301ng chuy\u00ea\u0309n sang ma\u0300u n\u00e2u va\u0300 kh\u00f4 \u0111i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ca\u0301c la\u0301 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i v\u00e2\u0303n co\u0300n xanh va\u0300 khoe\u0309 ma\u0323nh, hi\u00ea\u0323n t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng n\u00e2\u0300y la\u0300m cho c\u00e2y lu\u0301a v\u00e2\u0303n ti\u00ea\u0301p tu\u0323c l\u00e2\u0301y dinh d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng t\u01b0\u0300 \u0111\u00e2\u0301t, do v\u00e2\u0323y s\u01b0\u0323 \u0111\u00ea\u0300n bu\u0300 (compensation) hay phu\u0323c h\u00f4\u0300i (recovery) cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a r\u00e2\u0301t ch\u00e2\u0323m, kha\u0301c hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n v\u01a1\u0301i vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u0103\u0301t ch\u00f4\u0300i nh\u00e2n ta\u0323o. Tri\u00ea\u0323u ch\u01b0\u0301ng do s\u00e2u \u0110u\u0323c th\u00e2n v\u01b0\u0300a n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c go\u0323i la\u0300 &#8220;ch\u00ea\u0301t \u0111o\u0323t&#8221; (dead heart) v\u00e0 n\u00ea\u0301u chu\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng mu\u00f4\u0323n va\u0300o giai \u0111oa\u0323n la\u0300m \u0111o\u0300ng thi\u0300 b\u00f4ng lu\u0301a se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c. N\u00ea\u0301u chu\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng va\u0300o giai \u0111oa\u0323n c\u00e2y lu\u0301a s\u0103\u0301p tr\u1ed5 thi\u0300 b\u00f4ng lu\u0301a v\u00e2\u0303n tr\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng ha\u0323t bi\u0323 le\u0301p hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n, b\u00f4ng lu\u0301a co\u0301 ma\u0300u tr\u0103\u0301ng va\u0300 \u0111\u01b0\u0301ng th\u0103\u0309ng; tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng h\u01a1\u0323p n\u00e2\u0300y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c go\u0323i la\u0300 &#8220;b\u00f4ng ba\u0323c&#8221; (white head).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4821 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/29.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"641\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/29.png 641w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/29-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/29-600x204.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 29. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdt (H. tr\u00e1i), tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u00f4ng b\u1ea1c (H. gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p><p>Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n, xem coi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u1ed5 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng (qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c BVTV c\u00f3 2 \u1ed5 c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i k\u1ef9) c\u00f3 b\u1ecb ong k\u00fd sinh kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi v\u1eeba b\u1ecb k\u00fd sinh th\u00ec ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u00ec n\u00ean thu th\u1eadp kho\u1ea3ng 4 hay 6 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng (n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u) mang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ly hay l\u1ecd cho b\u00f4ng hay gi\u1ea5y th\u1ea5m gi\u1eef \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea5y v\u1ea3i m\u00e0ng bao n\u1eafp l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. \u1ede c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, n\u1ebfu \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00fd sinh (H\u00ecnh 1), \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb k\u00fd sinh b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u (H\u00ecnh 2, 3 v\u00e0 4) v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ong k\u00fd sinh tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng 50% s\u1ed1 \u1ed5 b\u1ecb k\u00fd sinh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh phun thu\u1ed1c, c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00fd sinh m\u00e0 n\u1edf ra \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n (H\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u201cphun \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac\u201d) th\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh phun thu\u1ed1c do s\u00e2u tu\u1ed5i 1 c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3i hay b\u00f4ng l\u00faa ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb h\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cTh\u00f4ng minh\u201d ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n phun m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec h\u1ec7 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. L\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c BVTV \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh (2016).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4823 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/30.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"557\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/30.png 557w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/30-300x195.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 30. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u s\u00e2u d\u1ee5c th\u00e2n \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng th\u00edch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n nh\u01b0ng khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb \u1edf trong ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa v\u00e0 l\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eaby \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t. Qua h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ee9ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp l\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c <strong>Badannong 95SP hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cartap 95SP<\/strong> sau m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y khi tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf r\u1ed9 th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i l\u00faa th\u00ec ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m (c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i sang tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 khung xanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf) th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ch\u1ed3i l\u00faa hay b\u00f4ng l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39314\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39314\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA - I.9. R\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng (White fly)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39314\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39314\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong><em>Aleurocybotus<\/em> sp., h\u1ecd Aleyrodidae<\/p><p>Lo\u00e0i g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean l\u00faa<em> Aleurocybotus occiduus<\/em> Maria \u1edf Nepal, 2003 (Vi\u1ec7t Nam lo\u00e0i <em>A. indicus <\/em>? xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1988, huy\u1ec7n T\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Ti\u1ec1n Giang)<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p>Con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 l\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 0,8-1mm. Con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ed9t s\u00e1p tr\u1eafng, r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng bay kh\u1ecfi l\u00e1 l\u00faa khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebb r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c l\u00e1 th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m 2 &#8211; 10 tr\u1ee9ng. M\u1ed7i con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb kho\u1ea3ng 50-60 tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 200 tr\u1ee9ng. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t cao h\u01a1n 80%.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn gi\u1ed1ng r\u1ec7p s\u00e1p k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 0,3 &#8211; 1mm, n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 l\u00faa.<\/p><p>Nh\u1ed9ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 cao (h\u01a1n 80%), \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 l\u00faa. Khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng th\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u1ed9ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng kho\u1ea3ng 22 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4827 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"524\" height=\"397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31.png 524w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/31-300x227.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 524px) 100vw, 524px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 31. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Do \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u trong ru\u1ed9ng, khi c\u00f3 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 cao ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 xu\u1ed1ng lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 b\u1eb9 l\u00e1, ch\u00fang ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa l\u00e0m cho l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng. Khi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n th\u00eam nh\u01b0ng ru\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng v\u00e0ng s\u1eadm c\u1ea3 ru\u1ed9ng, l\u00fac n\u1ea7y ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. Khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh bay th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb v\u00ec ch\u00fang ling ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 bay theo gi\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/p><p>Ngo\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m v\u00e0ng l\u00e1 l\u00faa, r\u1ea7y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh khi ch\u00edch h\u00fat (ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ct\u00e1c nh\u00e2n\u201d (nh\u01b0ng qua chuy\u00ean gia IRRI x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n hay si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n) g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 nhanh c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 l\u00e0m bung \u0111\u1ecdt m\u1ea1 ngang h\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 c\u00e2y th\u00ec l\u00ean ch\u1ed1i m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft lu\u00f4n. C\u00f2n tr\u00ean giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa \u0111\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f2ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cxi\u1ebft c\u1ed5 l\u00e1\u201d m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u1edd v\u1ec1 sau b\u00f4ng l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9n \u0111\u00f2ng, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (xem h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi).<\/p><p>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4829 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/32.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/32.png 588w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/32-300x186.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 32. (A) m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng cao ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb9 l\u00e1, (B) \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1, (C) M\u1eb7t tr\u00ean l\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0ng, (D) Ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng. \u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4828 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/33.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/33.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/33-300x88.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/33-600x176.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 33. (A) G\u1ed1c c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb bung, (B) C\u00e2y m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb xo\u1eafn ph\u1ea7n l\u00e1 tr\u00ean, (C v\u00e0 D) hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi\u1ebft c\u1ed5 l\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed5 b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9n \u0111\u00f2ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39315\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39315\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA -  I.10. R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u (Brown plant hopper) <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39315\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39315\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh r\u00e2\u0300y n\u00e2u (<em>Nilaparvata lugens<\/em>)<\/p><p>R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0301i \u0111e do\u0323a nghi\u00eam tro\u0323ng trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. Ngoa\u0300i vi\u00ea\u0323c chu\u0301ng g\u00e2y ha\u0323i tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p cho c\u00e2y lu\u0301a chu\u0301ng co\u0300n la\u0300 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u00f4i gi\u01a1\u0301i (Insect vector) truy\u00ea\u0300n ca\u0301c b\u00ea\u0323nh si\u00eau vi khu\u00e2\u0309n g\u00e2y m\u00e2\u0301t ma\u0301t cho n\u0103ng su\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 sa\u0309n l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng lu\u0301a, nh\u01b0 b\u00ea\u0323nh L\u00f9n xo\u0103\u0301n la\u0301 (Ragged Stunt Virus), b\u00ea\u0323nh L\u00f9n lua\u0301 co\u0309 (Grassy Stunt Virus) va\u0300 b\u00ea\u0323nh V\u00e0ng l\u00f9n (Yellowing Syndrome) (xem ph\u1ea7n b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean l\u00faa). T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2006 \u0111\u1ebfn nay R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t di tr\u00fa r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng tha\u0300nh co\u0301 2 da\u0323ng ca\u0301nh: da\u0323ng ca\u0301nh ng\u0103\u0301n (Brachypterous) va\u0300 da\u0323ng ca\u0301nh da\u0300i (Macropterous). Da\u0323ng ca\u0301nh ng\u0103\u0301n th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng thi\u0300 chu\u0301ng xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n \u01a1\u0309 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ru\u00f4\u0323ng ma\u0300 chu\u0301ng m\u01a1\u0301i di c\u01b0 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n, gi\u00f4\u0301ng nhi\u00ea\u0303m, co\u0301 \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309 th\u01b0\u0301c \u0103n. Da\u0323ng ca\u0301nh da\u0300i la\u0300 khi chu\u0301ng g\u0103\u0323p \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t b\u00e2\u0301t h\u01a1\u0323p nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323 qua\u0301 cao, th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 co\u0301 d\u00f4ng ba\u0303o; ho\u0103\u0323c m\u00e2\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301 qua\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u0309 th\u01b0\u0301c \u0103n.<\/p><p>&#8211; Tr\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u1ed5 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 3-10 tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u1ed5, tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb9 c\u00e2y l\u00faa v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebb l\u00ean g\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ee9ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con c\u00e1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho\u1ea3ng 200-250 tr\u1ee9ng. Tr\u1ee9ng m\u1edb \u0111\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, thon d\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00f9m tr\u00e1i chu\u1ed1i u\u1ed1n cong. Tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf trong kho\u1ea3ng 7-10 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u1ebb.<\/p><p>&#8211; \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i qua 5 tu\u1ed5i trong th\u1eddi gian 15-20 ng\u00e0y, \u1ea5u tru\u0300ng khi c\u00f3 m\u00e2\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301 qua\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u va\u0300 th\u01b0\u0301c \u0103n trong th\u00e2n c\u00e2y lu\u0301a bi\u0323 gia\u0309m \u0111i v\u00ea\u0300 ch\u00e2\u0301t l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 s\u00f4\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng thi\u0300 se\u0303 ki\u0301ch thi\u0301ch cho da\u0323ng R\u00e2\u0300y n\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ca\u0301nh da\u0300i pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4833 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/34.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/34.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/34-300x226.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/34-600x453.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 34. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u00f9ng R\u00e2\u0300y n\u00e2u s\u00f4\u0301ng \u01a1\u0309 ph\u00e2\u0300n th\u00e2n va\u0300 g\u00f4\u0301c cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lua\u0301. Tha\u0300nh tru\u0300ng va\u0300 \u00e2\u0301u tru\u0300ng chi\u0301ch hu\u0301t nh\u01b0\u0323a cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a (plant sap) \u0111a\u0303 la\u0300m gia\u0309m kha\u0309 n\u0103ng quang t\u00f4\u0309ng h\u01a1\u0323p va\u0300 la\u0300m a\u0309nh h\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n dinh d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng ti\u0301ch luy\u0303 cu\u0309a c\u00e2y, c\u00e2y lu\u0301a chuy\u00ea\u0309n sang ma\u0300u va\u0300ng va\u0300 la\u0301 bi\u0323 kh\u00f4 r\u00e2\u0301t nhanh, hi\u00ea\u0323n t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng n\u00e2\u0300y xa\u0309y ra \u01a1\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300ng cho\u0300m trong ru\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c go\u0323i la\u0300 hi\u00ea\u0323n t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng cha\u0301y r\u00e2\u0300y (Hopperburn) va\u0300 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp khi chu\u0301ng chi\u0301ch hu\u0301t, chu\u0301ng ti\u00ea\u0301t ra m\u00e2\u0323t (the honey dew excreted) ta\u0323o \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n cho n\u00e2\u0301m b\u1ed3 ho\u0301ng x\u00e2m nhi\u00ea\u0303m v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n (xem ph\u1ea7n b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean l\u00faa).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4834 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/35.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"583\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/35.png 583w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/35-300x155.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 35. S\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ch\u00edch h\u00fat c\u1ee7a R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng &#8220;ch\u00e1y r\u1ea7y&#8221;<\/p><p>Khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u ch\u00edch h\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u00e1p nh\u1ef1a (ch\u1ea5t \u0111ong \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a tan) trong m\u1ea1ch \u201clibe\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t n\u1ea7y chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 10-12% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u kho\u1ea3ng 1,2-1,8 Mpa, ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1p nh\u1ef1a n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m (pH 8,0-8,5). Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed, c\u00e1c amine (glutamate v\u00e0 aspartase) v\u00e0 acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (malate). Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t (300-900 mM) trong ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ea1m v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ch \u201clibe\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 amine v\u00e0 amino acids, \u0111\u1ea1m nitrate kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1m ammonium ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft. Calcium, l\u01b0u formanhu\u1ef3nh (sulfur) v\u00e0 s\u1eaft (iron) th\u00ec c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u00e3i r\u00e1c, trong khi dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 kali (potassium) \u1edf m\u1ee9c 60-120 mM \u1edf trong nh\u1ef1a s\u00e1p. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c amine v\u00e0 amino acid r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau, r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u s\u1ed1ng trong ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa b\u00f3n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m s\u1ebd m\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua chu tr\u00ecnh \u201cKreb\u201d t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201c38ATP\u201d nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh di truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c khi ch\u00fang di chuy\u1ec3n qua ru\u1ed9ng \u00edt \u0110\u1ea1m phun thu\u1ed1c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ebft h\u01a1n. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4835 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/36.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/36.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/36-300x101.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/36-600x203.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 36. (1) S\u1ef1 ch\u00edch h\u00fat c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u l\u00ean b\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa: st: stylet = v\u00f2i ch\u00edch h\u00fat, scl: sclerenchyma = c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4, p: phloem = libe, x: xylem = m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7, gi\u1ecdt ph\u00e2n \u201chonerdew\u201d \u0111ang th\u1ea3i ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00edt. (2). S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 &#8220;m\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng&#8221; hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;m\u00f4 s\u1eebng&#8221; (callose) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c genes t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 s\u1eebng: A \u0111\u1ebfn D: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u201cm\u00f4 s\u1eebng\u201d (m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c &#8220;t\u1ea5m s\u00e0ng&#8221; hay &#8220;r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n&#8221; c\u00f3 hu\u1ef3nh quang m\u00e0u xanh lam s\u00e1ng \u1edf gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng cao khi b\u1ecb r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp; B v\u00e0 D: H\u00ecnh vi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a A v\u00e0 C; E v\u00e0 F: M\u1eb7t c\u1eaft d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 l\u00faa \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 &#8220;m\u00f4 s\u1eebng&#8221; t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m s\u00e0ng (m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng). M\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u00f2i kim ch\u00edch c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y (thanh chia \u0111\u1ed9 = 20 \u03bcm). S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng &#8220;calloza&#8221; t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a s\u00e0ng trong b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfm d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi. (3) S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y &#8220;m\u00f4 s\u1eebng&#8221; v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c genes li\u00ean quan: A \u0111\u1ebfn H: &#8220;M\u00f4 s\u1eebng&#8221; l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y TN1 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m; A v\u00e0 E: &#8220;M\u00f4 s\u1eebng&#8221; t\u00edch t\u1ee5 (m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng) trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng s\u00e0ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u00f2i kim ch\u00edch; B, C, F v\u00e0 G: M\u00f4 m\u1ea5u \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y kh\u00e1c nhau. D v\u00e0 H, C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng s\u00e0ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 m\u1ea5u t\u00edch t\u1ee5. M\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u00f2i kim ch\u00edch (thanh chia \u0111\u1ed9 = 20 \u03bcm).<\/p><p>Khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u ghim kim ch\u00edch v\u00e0o b\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4 (r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n) n\u00ean kim ghim c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1n theo c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, \u201cH\u00ecnh 36 (1)\u201d. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00edch h\u00fat c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, khi theo d\u00f5i th\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o b\u1eb9 l\u00faa: ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0a v\u00f2i ch\u00edch h\u00fat v\u00e0o b\u1eb9 l\u00faa (1), \u0111\u01b0a v\u00f2i ch\u00edch h\u00fat v\u00e0o b\u1eb9 l\u00faa (2), ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a trong m\u00f4 &#8220;libe&#8221; (3), \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00f2i ch\u00edch tr\u00fang m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 (4) v\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a trong m\u1ea1ch libe (5).<\/p><p>R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i hay quan s\u00e1t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng, ch\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u00edch ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, tr\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u00edt, \u00edt l\u1ea7n ch\u00edch h\u01a1n, th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00edt h\u01a1n, t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Do v\u1eady, gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y suy ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 sinh ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00e1y r\u1ea7y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4836 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/37.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"621\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/37.png 621w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/37-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/37-600x300.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 37. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00faa b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y r\u1ea7y<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201cIPM\u201d l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201c3 gi\u1ea3m 3 t\u0103ng\u201d k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u201cGieo s\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u00e9 r\u1ea7y\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (tr\u1ed3ng hoa c\u00f3 m\u1eadt tr\u00ean b\u1edd ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5)\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n v\u00e0 l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 NPK, ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 Genki\/Hakase, trung vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Annong Grow C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng \u201cResistance System\u201d. Lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef t\u1ed1t \u201cD\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 sinh th\u00e1i\u201d (Ecological Services).<\/p><p>&#8211; Phun thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u c\u01b0 tr\u00fa l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c l\u00faa, \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 l\u00fac r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u n\u1edf r\u1ed9 t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 1 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 3 v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4837 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/38.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/38.png 636w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/38-300x192.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/38-600x384.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\" \/><\/p><p>T\u1eeb h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean (H. 38), n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 gieo s\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u00e9 r\u1ea7y, th\u00ec s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t 25 ng\u00e0y sau khi s\u1ea1 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee3t di tr\u00fa ti\u1ebfp theo (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). L\u00fac n\u1ea7y l\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn kh\u00e1ng cao v\u1edbi si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n, l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1. Khi r\u1ea7y v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1ea7y s\u1ebd xu\u1ed1ng ru\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 phun ki\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea7y \u1edf ru\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh phun (ng\u00e0y 1 sau \u0111\u00eam r\u1ea7y v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n, v\u00e0 r\u1ea7y v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 7 ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ea5y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 khi ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c phun th\u00eam 2 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa (d\u1ea5u m\u0169i t\u00ean) nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i phun 3 l\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ee3t r\u1ea7y xu\u1ed1ng ru\u1ed9ng. Khi phun thu\u1ed1c th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 90% nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u201c10% r\u1ea7y s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t\u201d, phun l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n 10% s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, r\u1ea7y s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng sau 48g v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng r\u1ea7y s\u1ebd n\u1edf v\u00e0o 6-7 ng\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9ng. Do v\u1eady, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 7 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf ra r\u1ea7y tu\u1ed5i 1, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea7y tu\u1ed5i 2 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i 3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u \u201cg\u1ed1i l\u1ee9a\u201d. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi (?) c\u00f3 phun ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y r\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 sau v\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00f2n phun n\u1eefa h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n, h\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. R\u1ea7y n\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 12-14 ng\u00e0y khi ch\u00fang di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4 ng\u00e0y. D\u00f9 phun hay kh\u00f4ng phun r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ebft 9 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. R\u1ea7y v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1ee3t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 7 v\u1eady tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd n\u1edf sau 7 ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 14 ng\u00e0y sau khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e8n. L\u00fac n\u1ea7y r\u1ea7y c\u00e1m s\u1ebd \u1edf t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 1 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m phun ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t (X), giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa sau khi gieo 40 ng\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n phun 1 l\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m h\u00e3m m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 r\u1ea7y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u di c\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu di c\u01b0 m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p khi \u0111\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch).<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39316\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"16\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39316\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA  - I.11. B\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en (Black bugs)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39316\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"16\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39316\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 2 lo\u00e0i b\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i l\u00faa l\u00e0 <em>Scotinophara oarctata<\/em> v\u00e0 <em>Scotinophara lurida<\/em>, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt <em>Scotinophara coarctata<\/em>. <\/strong><\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 8-9 mm. N\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 th\u00e1ng. Con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb kho\u1ea3ng 200 tr\u1ee9ng trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1ee9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c l\u00faa g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh \u1ed5 t\u1eeb 40-60 tr\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng song song. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, con c\u00e1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean l\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebb v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00ean r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a l\u00faa.<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng theo tu\u1ed5i. Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 tr\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u \u0111en, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 6 tu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong 29-35 ng\u00e0y. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4847 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/39.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"353\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/39.png 353w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/39-300x223.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 39. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng 2 lo\u00e0i b\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00faa<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4848 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/40.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/40.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/40-300x231.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/40-600x461.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 40. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en <em>Scotinophara coarctata<\/em> tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00edn. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u, th\u1eddi gian g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 42 ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang th\u00edch c\u00e1c n\u1ed1t th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00ec c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u1ef1a c\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e2y c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e1 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8216;ch\u00e1y b\u1ecd x\u00edt&#8217; (bug burn).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4850 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/41.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/41.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/41-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/41-600x203.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 41. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e1 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 v\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng (ph\u1ea3i), c\u00e1c b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 b\u1ecb ch\u00edch h\u00fat kh\u00f4 nhanh (gi\u1eefa) v\u00e0 g\u1ed1c l\u00faa b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i n\u1ebfu m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 cao, ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ecd x\u00edt \u0111en r\u1ea5t th\u00edch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n, ch\u00fa \u00fd s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p><p>&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc cao (n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c.<\/p><p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng gieo s\u1ea1 qu\u00e1 d\u1ea7y, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i NPK, H\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 phun ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1 c\u00f3 trung vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 Annong GROW C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng b\u1ecd x\u00edt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39317\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"17\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39317\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA  - I.12. B\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh (Rice green stink bugs)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39317\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"17\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39317\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i <em>Nezara viridula<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh oval d\u00e0i m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1ea1t. M\u1eaft c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf s\u1eabm ho\u1eb7c \u0111en. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5m \u0111en nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u1ecdc theo hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1nh bao ph\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n. Con \u0111\u1ef1c d\u00e0i trung b\u00ecnh 12,1 mm v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i d\u00e0i 13,15 mm. Con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ba \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n sau khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ebb t\u1edbi hai \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb t\u1edbi 260 tr\u1ee9ng trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng r\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng x\u1ebfp g\u1ea7n nhau, t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 130 tr\u1ee9ng m\u1ed7i \u1ed5. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i. Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u1eeb tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n d\u00e0i, th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng n\u1edf ra t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200b5 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tr\u1ee9ng s\u1ebd n\u1edf trong 1,5 gi\u1edd, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 khi m\u1edbi n\u1edf s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung kh\u00f4ng \u0103n.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf, ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 r\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t. T\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 1 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ba ng\u00e0y. Tu\u1ed5i 2 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0103n, c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 r\u00e2u m\u00e0u \u0111en. Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0103ng ten th\u1ee9 hai, th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1m m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u00ean ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. Tu\u1ed5i hai k\u00e9o d\u00e0i n\u0103m ng\u00e0y. Tu\u1ed5i ba v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ee9 hai v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. M\u1ed7i tu\u1ed5i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 7 ng\u00e0y. Mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i 5. M\u1eb7t b\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u xanh v\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trung tuy\u1ebfn, Tu\u1ed5i 5 m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 8 ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4854 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture42.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture42.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture42-300x228.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture42-600x456.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 42. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh Nezara viridula t\u1eeb 55-60 ng\u00e0y<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t l\u00faa khi v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eadm s\u1eefa (t\u1eeb 9-14 ng\u00e0y sau th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n). H\u1ea1t b\u1ecb ch\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u1ebft ch\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh hay vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. H\u1ea1t b\u1ecb ch\u00edch mu\u1ed9n (g\u1ea7n ch\u1eafc xanh) s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1eedng v\u00e0o g\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y. N\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh s\u1ebd b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y th\u1ea5t thu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4855 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture43.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture43.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture43-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture43-600x215.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 44. L\u00faa s\u1eafp tr\u1ed5 (tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eadm s\u1eefa (ph\u1ea3i) s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i xung quanh ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch<\/p><p><strong>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c khi c\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39318\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"18\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39318\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG TR\u00caN L\u00daA  - I.13. B\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i, b\u1ecd x\u00edt d\u00e0i (Rice earhead bugs, stink bugs)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39318\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"18\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39318\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh <em>Leptocoriza acuta.<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t, d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 15 mm, th\u00e2n h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng. R\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n c\u0169ng h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 d\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1edd m\u00f9i h\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t ra. Con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb 200-300 tr\u1ee9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p><p>Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebb th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng c\u1ee5m 20 &#8211; 30 tr\u1ee9ng, x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 2 &#8211; 3 h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc theo g\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c, th\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ch\u00edch h\u00fat. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 5 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 25-30 ng\u00e0y. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh n\u00ean \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ecdc c\u00e1nh.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4868 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/45.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/45.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/45-300x232.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/45-600x463.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 45. Chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi 45-50 ng\u00e0y.<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh. B\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t l\u00faa khi v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eadm s\u1eefa (t\u1eeb 9-14 ng\u00e0y sau th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n). H\u1ea1t b\u1ecb ch\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u1ebft ch\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh hay vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. H\u1ea1t b\u1ecb ch\u00edch mu\u1ed9n (g\u1ea7n ch\u1eafc xanh) s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1eedng v\u00e0o g\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y. Hi\u1ec7n nay, b\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh. Khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng v\u00ec l\u00e0m cho h\u1ea1t l\u00faa b\u1ecb l\u00e9p g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u00e9 l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4869 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/46.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"511\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/46.png 511w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/46-300x205.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 46. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd x\u00edt h\u00f4i, l\u00faa b\u1ecb l\u00e9p (tr\u00e1i), lem l\u00e9p h\u1ea1t (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecd x\u00edt xanh v\u00ec 2 lo\u00e0i n\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa tr\u1ed5, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t, c\u0169ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39319\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"19\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39319\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I KH\u00c1C KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I L\u00c0 C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG - 1). Nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 (Panicle rice mite)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39319\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"19\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39319\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 tr\u00ean l\u00faa lo\u00e0i <em>Steneotarsonemus spinki<\/em><strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong><\/p><p>Con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 tr\u00ean l\u00faa c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf (0,2 &#8211; 1 mm), c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong m\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 8 ch\u00e2n. Con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n sau d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i.<\/p><p>Con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb 50 tr\u1ee9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb9 l\u00e1. Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 2-4 ng\u00e0y. Tr\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 tinh s\u1ebd n\u1edf th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u1ef1c.<\/p><p>\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng v\u1eeba ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 1 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 2 ng\u00e0y, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 6 ch\u00e2n.<\/p><p><strong>+ V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong>: Nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 tr\u00ean l\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi trong 10 &#8211; 13 ng\u00e0y (tr\u1ee9ng 1-2 ng\u00e0y, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng 4-5 ng\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh 5-6 ng\u00e0y).<\/p><p>Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4 n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 tr\u00ean l\u00faa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4873 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/47.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"623\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/47.png 623w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/47-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/47-600x505.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 47. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ee9ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/em><\/strong> H\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi: Con c\u00e1i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i 459 l\u1ea7n, con c\u00e1i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i 350 l\u1ea7n, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng 600 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng 400 l\u1ea7n.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4877 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/48.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"602\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/48.png 602w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/48-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/48-600x418.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 48. Nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 s\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0n b\u00ean trong b\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Ph\u1ea1m vi k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a <em>S. spinki<\/em> l\u00e0 l\u00faa <em>O. sativa<\/em>. C\u00f3 tr\u00ean 70 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i m\u1ecdc trong ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00faa g\u1ed3m 44 lo\u00e0i h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m &#8220;Poaceae&#8221; trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 <em>Cynodon dactylon<\/em>.<\/p><p>Nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i ch\u00edch h\u00fat c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c v\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed tr\u00ean b\u1eb9 l\u00faa v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean v\u1ecf h\u1ea1t, khi nh\u00ecn b\u00ean b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 do n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i b\u1eb9 Sarocladium oryzae g\u00e2y ra. S\u1ef1 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a S. spinki tr\u00ean l\u00faa c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i b\u1eb9 l\u00e1, h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb l\u1eedng, l\u00e9p hay b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4878 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/49.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/49.png 606w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/49-300x97.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/49-600x194.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 49. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c v\u1ebft ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed tr\u00ean b\u1eb9 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u201cv\u1ebft c\u1ea1o gi\u00f3\u201d, l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb l\u00e9p \u0111en.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4882 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/50.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"612\" height=\"298\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/50.png 612w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/50-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/50-600x292.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 50. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m (\u0111\u1ecdt) l\u00faa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed5 ngang h\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng (v\u00ec c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i virus d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng vi r\u00fat (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 35nm) t\u1eeb c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 th\u00ec c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i viruses nh\u01b0 l\u00f9n s\u1ecdc \u0111en, l\u00faa l\u00f9n v\u00e0ng l\u1ee5i, l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf, v\u00e0 l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 h\u1ea1i l\u00faa. (hay c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 \u0111\u1ebfn sau).<\/p><p>H\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p b\u1edfi\u00a0Lalnunpuii Parte, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bugwood.org, CC BY-NC, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cCABI\u201d \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n \u201cPlantwise Factsheets for Farmers Panicle Rice Mites <em>Steneotarsonemus spinki\u00a0<\/em>VIETNAM\u201d. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y ph\u1ea5n tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean l\u00faa (rice whitefly).<\/p><p>Tr\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1eb9 l\u00faa th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 <em>Fusarium<\/em> spp., <em>Helminthosporium<\/em> spp., S<em>clerophthora <\/em>spp. <em>Fusarium<\/em> spp. v\u00e0 \u00a0<em>Rhizoctonia <\/em>spp. C\u00f2n tr\u00ean gi\u00e9, b\u00f4ng l\u00faa th\u00ec k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m <em>Sarocladium <\/em>spp. v\u00e0 <em>Sclerophthora <\/em>spp.<\/p><p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0169ng ph\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 mang v\u00e0o t\u1eed b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o trong h\u1ea1t l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4883 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/51.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"945\" height=\"984\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/51.png 945w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/51-288x300.png 288w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/51-768x800.png 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/51-600x625.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 51. (A) B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh d\u00ednh v\u00e0o phi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c, (B) B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh d\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u00e2n con c\u00e1i, (C) B\u00e0o t\u1eed trong khung, (D) H\u00ecnh b\u00e0o t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 (E) Nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 trong h\u1ea1t l\u00faa l\u00e9p.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd <\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa sau \u0111\u00f2ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 10-20 ch\u1ed3i l\u00faa c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u201cc\u1ea1o gi\u00f3\u201d, xem b\u00ean trong b\u1eb9 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1ec7n gi\u00e9 (b\u00ean trong b\u1eb9 r\u1ea5t d\u01a1) th\u00ec x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb nh\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 <strong>NEWTIME 700WP hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 SI\u00caU NH\u1ec6N.<\/strong> N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1ec7n th\u00ec phun thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i b\u1eb9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng do n\u1ea5m hay vi khu\u1ea9n, x\u1eed l\u00fd <strong>KINITI 450SC, hay Myfatop 650WP c\u1ed9ng SIEUKHUAN 700WP.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39320\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"20\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39320\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I KH\u00c1C KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I L\u00c0 C\u00d4N TR\u00d9NG - 2). \u1ed0c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng (OBV) (Golden Apple Snail)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39320\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"20\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39320\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>\u1ed0c con v\u00e0 \u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i <em>Pomacea canaliculata<\/em><\/p><p>N\u0103m 1988 khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam nu\u00f4i \u201cOBV\u201d th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nu\u00f4i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein cao. Hai n\u0103m sau, c\u00f3 2 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i \u1ed1c m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u1edf Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Ki\u00ean Giang. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1993, th\u00f4ng qua v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng FAO t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ban h\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 528\/TTg, ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1994 c\u1ea5m nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u201cOBV\u201d.<\/p><p>\u201cOBV\u201d c\u00f3 mang v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan th\u1edf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng cao v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng oxy th\u1ea5p \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0,3 mg O<sub>2 <\/sub>m\u1ed7i l\u00edt. OBV l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh (kh\u00e1c \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u ta l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh) n\u00ean c\u00f3 con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i ri\u00eang. Con \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec7ng h\u01a1i tr\u00f2n h\u01a1n \u1ed1c c\u00e1i, m\u00e0i \u1ed1c n\u1eb1m c\u1ea1n b\u00ean tr\u00ean khi ng\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u1ecf c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c th\u00ec h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. Con c\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec mi\u1ec7ng h\u01a1i m\u00e9o h\u01a1n, m\u00e0i \u1ed1c ph\u1ee5p v\u00e0o trong s\u00e2u h\u01a1n con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 xung quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u1ecf c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i th\u00ec th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i (xem h\u00ecnh), OBV tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 75-90 ng\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 1 n\u0103m.<\/p><p>\u1ed0c c\u00e1i l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3 gram, kho\u1ea3ng 30 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng. \u1ed0c c\u00e1i khi b\u00f2 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y cao h\u01a1n m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebb \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng (m\u1ed7i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 10-500 tr\u1ee9ng). Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 7-15 ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd n\u1edf. Khi OBV \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u1ed1i xong, t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i ra, sau \u0111\u00f3 8-10 ng\u00e0y con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng &#8211; tr\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn n\u1edf.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4887 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1388\" height=\"764\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52.jpg 1388w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52-300x165.jpg 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52-1024x564.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52-768x423.jpg 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/52-600x330.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1388px) 100vw, 1388px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 52. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a OBV qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4888 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/53.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/53.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/53-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/53-600x191.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 53. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t OBV \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1i khi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4889 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/54.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/54.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/54-300x108.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/54-600x216.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 54. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t OBV \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1i khi \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fap xu\u1ed1ng<\/p><p>V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1eadt s\u1ed1, th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho \u0103n, s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. . . nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ao, \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng con (&lt;1g\/\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (5-10g\/\u1ed1c) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 0,035-0,065g\/ng\u00e0y\/\u1ed1c v\u00e0 0,330-0,700g\/ng\u00e0y\/\u1ed1c, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>+ S\u1ef1 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a OBV<\/strong><\/p><p>\u1ed0c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0103n t\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb \u1ed1c con \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch \u0103n h\u1ea1t l\u00faa v\u1eeba n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1 non. \u1ede v\u1ee5 H\u00e8 Thu hay Thu \u0110\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp \u00fang hay nh\u1eefng n\u0103m c\u00f3 l\u0169 kh\u00f4ng cao th\u00ec thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng v\u00ec m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 OBV t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng hay b\u1ecb s\u1ea1 \u0111i s\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec5m OBV \u1edf khu v\u1ef1a \u0110BSCL b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 50.000-60.000ha, n\u0103m cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ha (n\u0103m 1999 # 137.000ha).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4890 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/55.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/55.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/55-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/55-600x246.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 55. OBV t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00faa t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1, ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb OBV g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01a1i tr\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u00ea\u0323n pha\u0301p qua\u0309n ly\u0301 <\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh OBV g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i l\u00faa \u1edf v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1, n\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y th\u00ec l\u00faa c\u1ea5y OBV \u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>&#8211; L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 l\u00e0m r\u00e3nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ed1c gom xu\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh r\u1ed3i b\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng tay, c\u1ea5m c\u00e2y cho \u1ed1c b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 thu gom tr\u1ee9ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; Ng\u0103n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ea3 v\u1ecbt cho \u0103n \u1ed1c con, thu gom tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ra qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t ngay sau m\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc (v\u00ec trong m\u00f9a l\u0169 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00eau sinh v\u1eadt trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, OBV \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0103n r\u1ed3i khi n\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb r\u00fat OBV \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf con tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat, khi n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat \u1ed1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111i xa, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung, tr\u00e1nh thi\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n). &#8211; K\u00eanh m\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3 m\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 th\u1ea7u d\u1ea7u <em>(Ricinus communis), <\/em>l\u00e1 \u0111u \u0111\u1ee7 <em>(Carica papaya), <\/em>l\u00e1 khoai m\u00ec (s\u1eafn) <em>(Manihot utilissima)<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 OBV gom l\u1ea1i \u0103n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng v\u1ee3t b\u1eaft \u1ed1c.<\/p><p>&#8211; Khi th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 OBV qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u (h\u01a1n 5con\/m<sup>2<\/sup>, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng) th\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng <strong>Benride <\/strong><strong>700WP<\/strong> l\u00e0\u00a0thu\u1ed1c\u00a0tr\u1eeb\u00a0\u1ed1c\u00a0c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t\u00a0Niclosamide\u00a0thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m Chloronitrophenol d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1i, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00f4ng h\u01a1i v\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 2 c\u00f2 t\u00ean l\u00e0 <strong>TRIOC 12 WG<\/strong>, thu\u1ed1c thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m Metadehyde, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e3 m\u1ed3i, khi \u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1c b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u1ed1c ch\u1ebft nhanh.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39321\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"21\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39321\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.1. B\u1ec7nh l\u00faa von (l\u00faa \u0111\u1ef1c) (Rice bakanae disease)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39321\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"21\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39321\"><p>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: Do n\u1ea5m <em>Fusarium moniliforme <\/em>giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, c\u00f2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00f2 t\u00ean l\u00e0 <em>Gibberella fujikuroi<\/em>.<\/p><p>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh do m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 k\u00e9m, c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, thon g\u1ea7y, cao h\u01a1n c\u00e2y b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00edt \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u c\u00e2y tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t cao do c\u00e1c l\u00f3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho b\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 sau n\u1ea7y. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u1ea5m m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng h\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e2y. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc ra r\u1ec5 ngang h\u00f4ng.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t x\u1ea3y ra khi ra hoa b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed &#8211; kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u2018\u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed\u2019 v\u00f4 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u2018b\u00e0o t\u1eed nang\u2019 h\u1eefu t\u00ednh &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i (th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1eb9 l\u00e1). H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y &#8216;l\u00faa von&#8217; r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5. T\u1eeb r\u1ec5, n\u1ea5m di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebb ch\u1ed3i, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed, l\u00e2y lan sang h\u1ea1t m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ra \u0111\u1ea5t. B\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u t\u1ed3n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn trong r\u01a1m, r\u1ea1 v\u00e0 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho h\u1ea1t khi thu ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0o t\u1eed theo gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa l\u00e0 qua h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ea5m v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng 1-2 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1 n\u0103m trong \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 56. Chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh l\u00faa von c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m <em>Gibberella fujikuroi<\/em><\/p><p><em>\u00a0<\/em><em><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/em><\/p><p><em>Nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 mo t\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y, nh\u00ecn ru\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u00e2y cao l\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd c\u1ea1nh tranh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00e2y lan l\u00ean h\u1ea1t l\u00e0m lem l\u00e9p h\u1ea1t.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><\/p><p><em> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4897 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/56.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"601\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/56.png 601w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/56-300x227.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/em><\/p><p><em><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/em><\/p><p><em>&#8211; Mua gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh.<\/em><\/p><p><em>&#8211; N\u00ean lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00e0y, ph\u01a1i \u1ea3i, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/em><\/p><p><em>&#8211; X\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c <\/em><strong>VATINO 780WG, 500WP, 525SE.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39322\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"22\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39322\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II.2. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u (Brown spot)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39322\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"22\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39322\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>Do n\u1ea5m <em>Helminthosporium oryzae, <\/em>(<em>Cochliobolus miyabeanus<\/em>) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 <em>Dreschslera oryzae<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/p><p>N\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh <em>Helminthosporium oryzae<\/em> tr\u00ean l\u00faa c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u00e0o t\u1eed \u0111\u00ednh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e1ch<\/p><p>ng\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh cong, \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed g\u1eafn tr\u00ean cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4904 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1258\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57.jpg 1258w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57-300x252.jpg 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57-1024x859.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57-768x644.jpg 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/57-600x503.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1258px) 100vw, 1258px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 57. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u00e0o t\u1eed \u0111\u00edng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u<\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/em><\/strong>: (A-C). Cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u00e0o t\u1eed \u0111\u00ednh, (D-J). B\u00e0o t\u1eed \u0111\u00ednh. V\u1ea1ch t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (A-C) = 10 \u00b5m; (D-J) = 5 \u00b5m.\u00a0<\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u h\u1ea1i l\u00faa th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00e1, tr\u00ean b\u1eb9, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00edn. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lan truy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qua h\u1ea1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 r\u00eca v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm v\u00e0 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1m. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u00a0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 do thi\u1ebfu Kali, \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 hay b\u1ecb ph\u00e8n.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4905 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/58.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"607\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/58.png 607w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/58-300x230.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/58-600x460.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 607px) 100vw, 607px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 58. Chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed)<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay do n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u \u00edt quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ee5 H\u00e8 Thu hay Thu \u0110\u00f4ng do m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 l\u00fac l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao do lan truy\u1ec1n qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>&#8211; <\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, s\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh (nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ec7nh l\u00faa von).<\/p><p>&#8211; L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1, x\u00ec ph\u00e8n, nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n hay c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u00e9t.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 Genki\/Hakase, ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 NPK, trung v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c khi c\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 <strong>Natoyo 750WG, KANATA 405WP, Myfotop 325SC.<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4906 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/59.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/59.png 636w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/59-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/59-600x227.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 59. Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh phun thu\u1ed1c th\u00ec phun l\u00fac b\u1ec7nh \u1edf c\u1ea5p 1-2 trong thang 9 c\u1ea5p<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39323\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"23\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39323\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.3. B\u1ec7nh g\u1ea1ch n\u00e2u (Narrow brown leaf spot)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39323\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"23\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39323\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>Do n\u1ea5m <em>Cercospora oryzae<\/em> (<em>Sphaerulina oryzina<\/em>)<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p><p>C\u00e1c \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u00f3 1-9 d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nhau, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh, 2-5 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, \u0111\u00f4i khi co th\u1eaft \u1edf v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, 1-2 v\u00f2ng xo\u1eafn nh\u1eb9, d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh.<\/p><p>V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh g\u1ea1ch n\u00e2u m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn &#8220;elip&#8221; ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4910 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/60.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/60.png 604w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/60-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/60-600x232.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 60. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a <em>Cercospora oryzae<\/em><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4911 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/61.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/61.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/61-300x239.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/61-600x478.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 61. Chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh g\u1ea1ch n\u00e2u qua d\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>X\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39324\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"24\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39324\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.4. V\u00e0ng L\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf - L\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 (Grassy stunt virus-Ragged stunt virus)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39324\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"24\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39324\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n (viruses), (c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u)<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p><p>Si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf (RGSV) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf gi\u1ed1ng vi r\u00fat (virus-like). C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 6-8 nm, d\u00e0i 950-1: 350 nm v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i bao g\u1ed3m ribonucleoprotein. Kh\u00e1ng huy\u1ebft thanh v\u1edbi &#8220;nucleoprotein&#8221; c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e2y b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh RGSV do c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u <em>Nilaparvata lugens<\/em>.<\/p><p>D\u1ea1ng si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 l\u00faa (RRSV) l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t \u0111a di\u1ec7n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 50 nm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn c\u00e1c gai ph\u1eb3ng r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 nm v\u00e0 cao 10 nm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 70 nm. \u0110i\u1ec7n di tr\u00ean &#8220;gel polyacrylamide&#8221; c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed RRSV b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho ra n\u0103m &#8220;polypeptides&#8221; ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau. Si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u201cRRSV\u201d c\u0169ng do r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4916 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/62.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"594\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/62.png 594w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/62-300x107.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 62. D\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 (tr\u00e1i), l\u00f9n l\u00fa c\u1ecf (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4920 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/63.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"449\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/63.png 449w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/63-300x140.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 449px) 100vw, 449px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 63. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 (tr\u00e1i), l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf (gi\u1eefa), v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh \u201cVL-LXL\u201d (g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef g\u1ecdi chung) m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng l\u1eabn th\u00e0nh tr\u00f9ng r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u, c\u00f2n t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ea1nh sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 40% &#8211; 70% r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. Sau khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u ch\u00edch h\u00fat m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 3-30 ng\u00e0y, trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 2 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, sau khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u ch\u00edch h\u00fat t\u1eeb 8-10 ph\u00fat s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mang m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n qua h\u1ea1t l\u00faa, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qua tr\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p><p>*B\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 \u201cLXL\u201d (Rice Ragged Stunt Virus), tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e2y \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 khi l\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u1edf ra th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1i nh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. \u1ede b\u1ee5i l\u00faa b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng mu\u1ed9n, b\u00f4ng l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed5 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00e1 c\u1edd, l\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac n\u1ea3y nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed3i b\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u00e2n.<\/p><p>*B\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf \u201cLLC\u201d (Rice Grassy Stunt Virus), ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh cho l\u00faa v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1, c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh kho\u1ea3ng 20-30 ng\u00e0y sau th\u00ec th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh. B\u1ee5i l\u00faa nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng cho b\u00f4ng l\u00faa v\u1ec1 sau<\/p><p>*B\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n \u201cVL\u201d (Rice Yellowing Syndrome Virus), khi r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u truy\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u00f3 2 d\u1ea1ng si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n (d\u1ea1ng LXL \u201cRRSV\u201d v\u00e0 LLC \u201cRGSV) th\u00ec c\u00e2y l\u00faa th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm \u1edf giai \u0111\u1ecdan m\u1ea1. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00faa c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ch\u1ed3i, m\u1ecdc x\u00f2e, l\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng cam th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u00e9p l\u00e1 \u0111i v\u00e0o, b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn b\u1ee5i l\u00faa b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4.<\/p><p>Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u l\u00e0 7,69 v\u00e0 9,29 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y l\u00faa th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00f9n l\u00faa c\u1ecf l\u00e0 23,08 v\u00e0 19,78 ng\u00e0y, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. V\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian l\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1eeb c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 30 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u l\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1eeb c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m sang c\u00e2y l\u00faa kh\u1ecfe.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4921 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/64.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"503\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/64.png 503w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/64-300x197.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 64. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh si\u00eau vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Trong tr\u1eadn d\u1ecbch r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb 2006 k\u00e8m theo b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n-l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n hecta.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4923 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/65.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"632\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/65.png 632w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/65-300x106.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/65-600x212.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 65. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00f9n-l\u00f9n xo\u1eafn l\u00e1<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd <\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u (xem ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39325\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"25\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39325\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II.5. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n (l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng) (Rice leaf and neck blast)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39325\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"25\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39325\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do n\u1ea5m <em>Magnaporthe grisea <\/em>(t\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 <em>Pyricularia oryzae<\/em>)<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh:<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3 l\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00f3 2 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n v\u00e0 bay cao 24\u201325 m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay xa \u0111\u1ebfn 10.000 m l\u00e2y lan cho c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4927 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/66.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/66.jpg 636w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/66-300x105.jpg 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/66-600x209.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 66. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n tr\u00ean l\u00faa \u201c<em>Magnaporthe grisea<\/em><strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/em><\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>(a) B\u00e0o t\u1eed sau nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y 0.25 gi\u1edd; (b) M\u1ecdc v\u00f2i m\u1ea7m \u201cGerm Tube\u201d (GT) sau 6 gi\u1edd; (c) H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a b\u00e1m\u00a0 sau 24 gi\u1edd. Thanh \u0111o = 5 \u03bcm.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4928 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/67.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"596\" height=\"403\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/67.png 596w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/67-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 67. B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1m l\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e1 l\u00faa, b\u00e0o t\u1eed d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u01b0a n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m, b\u00e0o t\u1eed tr\u00ean (tr\u00e1i) v\u1eeba n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m, B\u00e0o t\u1eed tr\u00ean (ph\u1ea3i) \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc \u0111\u0129a b\u00e1m.<\/p><p>Ba\u0300o t\u01b0\u0309 n\u00e2\u0301m b\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c pha\u0301t ta\u0301n trong kh\u00f4ng khi\u0301 qua s\u01b0\u0323 l\u01b0u t\u00f4\u0300n va\u0300 pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n cu\u0309a v\u00ea\u0301t b\u00ea\u0323nh t\u01b0\u0300 la\u0301, ha\u0323t, r\u01a1m va\u0300 ra\u0323. Trong \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n pho\u0300ng thi\u0301 nghi\u00ea\u0323m \u01a1\u0309 IRRI m\u00f4\u0323t v\u00ea\u0301t b\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111i\u00ea\u0309n hi\u0300nh co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t t\u01b0\u0300 2000-6000 ba\u0300o t\u01b0\u0309 trong m\u00f4\u0323t nga\u0300y va\u0300 sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t li\u00ean tu\u0323c i\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t trong 14 nga\u0300y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4929 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/68.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/68.png 479w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/68-300x186.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 68. Chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n t\u1eeb l\u00fac x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n la\u0301 t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean nhi\u00ea\u0300u b\u00f4\u0323 ph\u00e2\u0323n cu\u0309a c\u00e2y lu\u0301a nh\u01b0: tr\u00ean ha\u0323t, tr\u00ean gie\u0301 th\u01b0\u0301 c\u00e2\u0301p, tr\u00ean c\u00f4\u0309 b\u00f4ng, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4\u0301t, tr\u00ean l\u00e1 va\u0300 ca\u0309 tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 la\u0301 c\u1edd. B\u00ea\u0323nh n\u00e2\u0300y ph\u00e2n b\u00f4\u0301 r\u00e2\u0301t r\u00f4\u0323ng va\u0300 co\u0301 m\u0103\u0323t \u01a1\u0309 h\u00e2\u0300u h\u00ea\u0301t ca\u0301c vu\u0300ng tr\u00f4\u0300ng lua\u0301; v\u00ea\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 thi\u00ea\u0323t ha\u0323i cho n\u0103ng su\u00e2\u0301t khi di\u0323ch \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n xa\u0309y ra thi\u0300 ro\u0303 ne\u0301t va\u0300 lu\u00f4n co\u0301 y\u0301 nghi\u0303a.<\/p><p>B\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n tr\u00ean ph\u00e2\u0300n g\u00e2\u0300n phi\u1ebfn la\u0301. Lu\u0301c ban \u0111\u00e2\u0300u chi\u0309 la\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ch\u00e2\u0301m nho\u0309 l\u00e2\u0300n l\u00e2\u0300n pha\u0301t tri\u00ea\u0309n l\u01a1\u0301n h\u01a1n ke\u0301o da\u0300i ra va\u0300 nho\u0323n \u01a1\u0309 2 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u, xung quanh v\u00ea\u0301t b\u00ea\u0323nh co\u0301 vi\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0300u n\u00e2u ho\u0103\u0323c n\u00e2u \u0111o\u0309, ph\u00e2\u0300n gi\u01b0\u0303a co\u0301 ma\u0300u xa\u0301m tro. V\u00ea\u0301t b\u00ea\u0323nh \u0111i\u00ea\u0309n hi\u0300nh bi\u0300nh th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng co\u0301 chi\u00ea\u0300u da\u0300i khoa\u0309ng 1,0-1,5cm va\u0300 chi\u00ea\u0300u r\u00f4\u0323ng t\u01b0\u0300 0,3-0,5cm. V\u00ea\u0300 ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c v\u00ea\u0301t b\u00ea\u0323nh co\u0300n tu\u0300y thu\u00f4\u0323c r\u00e2\u0301t nhi\u00ea\u0300u va\u0300o giai \u0111oa\u0323n lu\u0301a bi\u0323 nhi\u00ea\u0303m, m\u01b0\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323 kha\u0301ng nhi\u00ea\u0303m cu\u0309a gi\u00f4\u0301ng va\u0300 ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 v\u00ea\u0300 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng. Nh\u01b0\u0303ng la\u0301 bi\u0323 nhi\u00ea\u0303m n\u0103\u0323ng la\u0301 bi\u0323 kh\u00f4 va\u0300 ch\u00ea\u0301t. Tr\u00ean c\u00f4\u0309 b\u00f4ng khi b\u00ea\u0323nh t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng n\u01a1i bi\u0323 b\u00ea\u0323nh se\u0303 bi\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301i (neck rot) n\u00ea\u0301u b\u00ea\u0323nh xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n s\u01a1\u0301m toa\u0300n b\u00f4\u0323 b\u00f4ng lu\u0301a se\u0303 bi\u0323 le\u0301p, n\u00ea\u0301u b\u00ea\u0323nh xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n tr\u00ea\u0303 thi\u0300 b\u00f4ng lu\u0301a th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng bi\u0323 g\u00e2\u0303y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4930 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture27.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture27.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture27-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Picture27-600x248.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 69. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n tr\u00ean l\u00e1, \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e2n, c\u1ed5 l\u00e1 c\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; N\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p do v\u1eady x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3,<\/p><p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n th\u1eeba ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1m v\u00ec bo\u0301n ph\u00e2n \u0110a\u0323m, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p><p>&#8211; Gieo s\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t, s\u1ea1 th\u01b0a hay s\u1ea1 h\u00e0ng, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 NPK v\u00e0 H\u1eefu c\u01a1 <strong>Genki\/Hakase<\/strong> th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd \u00edt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>&#8211; Phun h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam <strong>Annong GROW C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y<\/strong> t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng Ca v\u00e0 Si.<\/p><p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n tr\u00ean l\u00e1 khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft ch\u1ea5m kim (kho\u1ea3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0y sau khi b\u00e0o t\u1eed b\u1ec7nh b\u00e1m l\u00ean l\u00e1, xem h\u00ecnh b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi) th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0<\/p><p><strong>KITINI, Myfatop<\/strong>.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4934 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/70.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"598\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/70.png 598w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/70-300x144.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 598px) 100vw, 598px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 70. Th\u1eddi gian b\u00e0o t\u1eed b\u00e1m v\u00e0o l\u00e1 (0 ng\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c giai \u0111\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 sau, v\u00e0 khi v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh \u201cgi\u00e0\u201d s\u1ebd ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch b\u00e0o t\u1eed quay v\u00f2ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n c\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng th\u00ec n\u00ean phun ng\u1eeba l\u00fac l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 kho\u1ea3ng 3-5% v\u00e0 phun l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n 2 l\u00fac l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u0169ng ch\u1ecdn 1 trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c v\u1eeba n\u00eau c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam <strong>SI\u00caU KHU\u1ea8N<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf lem l\u00e9p h\u1ea1t.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39326\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"26\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39326\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II. 6. V\u00e0ng l\u00e1 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm (Rice red stripe)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39326\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"26\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39326\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do n\u1ea5m <em>Gonatophragmium <\/em>sp.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh <\/strong><\/p><p>N\u1ea5m <em>Gonatophragmium <\/em>sp. thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 vi n\u1ea5m, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 1, 2 hay 3 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n (h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng b\u00e0o t\u1eed b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m n\u00e2u). R\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 trong thao t\u00e1c l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khi g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p n\u1ea5m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan r\u1ea5t nhanh l\u00e0m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 l\u00faa b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 trong khi h\u1ea1t l\u00faa v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xanh n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00e0ng l\u00e1 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm\u201d.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4938 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/71.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/71.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/71-300x123.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/71-600x246.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 71. (A) T\u1eadp t\u00ednh sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m <em>Gonatophragmium<\/em> sp., (B) S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4940 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/72.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/72.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/72-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/72-600x192.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 72. Quan s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u1ea5m <em>Gonatophragmium<\/em> sp.<\/p><p>Ghi ch\u00fa: (A) S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed (m\u0169i t\u00ean) g\u1ea7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed, (B) S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eeb (m\u0169i t\u00ean) \u1edf ngay \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u00f4 l\u00ean d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed,<\/p><p>(C) C\u00e0nh b\u00e0o t\u1eed nh\u00fa r\u0103ng c\u01b0a (m\u0169i t\u00ean) mang b\u00e0o t\u1eed, (D) \u0110\u00ednh b\u00e0o t\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i: 3.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 4.000.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4941 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/73.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"571\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/73.png 571w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/73-300x213.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 73. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00e1 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00e1 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm do vi n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 khi l\u00faa b\u00f3n th\u1eeba ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1m, trong t\u00e1n l\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm. Khi m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m v\u00e0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u00f3p l\u00e1. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec theo c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2ng, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c lan, truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh ch\u1eadm, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2ng, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c lan, truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh nhanh, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau tr\u1ed5, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c lan, truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh ch\u1eadm, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p><p>&#8211; B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau tr\u1ed5, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c lan, truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh nhanh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean l\u00e1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39327\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"27\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39327\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.7. B\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e1, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1c l\u00e1 (Bacterial Leaf Blight)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39327\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"27\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39327\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Xanthomonas campestris <\/em>pv.<em> oryzae<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m <\/strong><\/p><p>Vi khu\u1ea9n d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh que v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u00ean mao (l\u00f4ng roi). Ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n nh\u1edd v\u00e0o gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa, b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 l\u00faa v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e9p v\u00e0ng. Vi khu\u1ea9n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (obtigated and facultative parasites) n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng qua vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1i sinh (saprophyte).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4945 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/74.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/74.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/74-300x139.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/74-600x279.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 74. L\u00e1 l\u00faa b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng (tr\u00e1i) l\u00e1 l\u00faa nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u00f3 r\u1ecbn gi\u1ecdt vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm (gi\u1eefa) h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e1 c\u00f3 1 chi\u00ean mao (ph\u1ea3i).<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng theo b\u00ean phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef \u201cV\u201d ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t l\u00e0m h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb lem l\u00e9p hay l\u1eedng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea1o khi xay s\u00e1t. B\u1ec7nh Ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4946 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/75.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/75.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/75-300x146.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/75-600x292.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 75. Ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, b\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u00e9p v\u00e0ng<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; S\u1ea1 th\u01b0a, ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i,<\/p><p>&#8211; Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u00f3n th\u1eeba Kali v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u00faa (t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f2ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau) v\u00ec khi d\u01b0 th\u1eeba Kali \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y c\u00e2y l\u00faa s\u1ebd huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea1m Nitrate l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>&#8211; Khi th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh v\u1eeba xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 2-3cm t\u1eeb tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p l\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng n\u00ean phun thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u1ecb vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 SIE6U KHU\u1ea8N, tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft phun ng\u1eeba khi l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m, m\u00f9a m\u01b0a b\u00e3o.<\/p><p>&#8211; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng qua l\u00e1 hay thu\u1ed1c kich th\u00edch.<\/p><p>&#8211; T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 Bo, Mg, Mn, Ca, Si\u2026<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39328\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"28\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39328\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.8. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1m v\u1eb1n (kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n) (Sheath Blight)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39328\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"28\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39328\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do n\u1ea5m<em> Rhizoctonia solani<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh:<\/strong><\/p><p>H\u1ea1ch n\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong r\u01a1m r\u1ea1, n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ch n\u1ea5m tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m b\u00f2 t\u1eeb b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u00ean cao \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e1 n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1eebng \u201cv\u1eb1n\u201d n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1m v\u1eb1n hay kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n (v\u00ec khi b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4). \u0110\u00f4i khi b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf t\u1eebng \u00f4 nh\u1ecf khi b\u1ec7nh l\u00ean cao c\u00e2y l\u00faa b\u1ecb s\u1eadp hay \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 ch\u00f9m qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u00faa kh\u1ecfe k\u1ebf b\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd b\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. B\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f2ng tr\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00edn.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4950 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/76.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"453\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/76.png 453w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/76-300x172.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 76. V\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1eb9 l\u00faa ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m (mycelium) v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ch n\u1ea5m (sclerotium)<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4951 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/77.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/77.png 540w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/77-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 77. Chu tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n t\u1eeb khi l\u01b0u t\u1ed3n trong \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua c\u00e2y r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i quay v\u1ec1 l\u01b0u t\u1ed3n trong \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i:<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4952 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/78.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"535\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/78.png 535w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/78-300x137.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 535px) 100vw, 535px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 78. Ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng c\u00e2y l\u00faa s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t thu n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; V\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch d\u01b0 th\u1eeba th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9.<\/p><p>&#8211; Gieo s\u1ea1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Kali v\u00e0 Silic.<\/p><p>&#8211; H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p><p>&#8211; S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng Trichoderma ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y r\u01a1m r\u1ea1.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39329\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"29\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39329\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.9. B\u1ec7nh s\u1ecdc trong do vi khu\u1ea9n (Bacterial leaf streak)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39329\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"29\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39329\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>Do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Xanthomonas oryzae <\/em>pv<em>. oryzicola<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/p><p>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em> pathovar <em>oryzae<\/em> ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e0 v\u00e0 <em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em>\u00a0 pathovar <em>oryzicola<\/em> b\u1ec7nh s\u1ecdc trong tr\u00ean l\u00e1 l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ecdc trong v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u trong su\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c s\u1ecdc song song v\u1edbi g\u00e2n l\u00e1, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ecdc n\u1ea7y to l\u00ean t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ec7t m\u00e0u n\u00e2u ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i tr\u00ean l\u00e1. Vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m qua v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng, l\u00e1 b\u1ec7nh c\u0169ng r\u1ecbn ra gi\u1ecdt vi khu\u1ea9n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi m\u01b0a v\u00e0 gi\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4956 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/79.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"446\" height=\"339\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/79.png 446w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/79-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 446px) 100vw, 446px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 79. (A) &#8220;Scan&#8221; d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n X. oryzae pv. oryzae trong m\u1ea1ch &#8220;libe&#8221; c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa. (B) H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n X. oryzae pv. oryzicola trong kho\u1ea3ng gian b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a nhu m\u00f4 trung b\u00ec c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 l\u00faa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4957 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/80.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"609\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/80.png 609w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/80-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/80-600x271.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 80. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ecdc trong tr\u00ean l\u00e1<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u00fang g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m, g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u00e1c l\u00e1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m s\u1edbm, b\u1ec7nh c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 sau l\u00fac giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 l\u00e0m cho l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4958 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/81.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/81.png 635w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/81-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/81-600x267.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 81. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1ecdc trong<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd:<\/strong><\/p><p>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1y b\u00eca l\u00e1. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec7t b\u1ec7nh s\u1edbm phun thu\u1ed1c SIEUKHUAN 700WP v\u1eeba ph\u00f2ng v\u1eeba tr\u1ecb.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39330\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"30\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39330\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II.10. B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i th\u00e2n (Stem rot)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39330\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"30\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39330\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>Do n\u1ea5m <em>Sclerotium oryzae <\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/p><p>Ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh nh\u1ecf s\u1eabm m\u00e0u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 ngo\u00e0i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec1 sau v\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb9 l\u00e1 ph\u00eda trong v\u00e0 th\u00e2n. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch n\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u n\u00e2u s\u1eabm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a b\u1eb9 l\u00e1. Trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau, c\u00e1c t\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ch n\u1ea5m c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ed1i l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f3ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Khi c\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p><p>Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng khi tr\u1ed5 h\u1ea1t l\u00faa b\u1ecb teo v\u00e0 xo\u0103n.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4962 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/82.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"518\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/82.png 518w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/82-300x245.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 82. Chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i th\u00e2n tr\u00ean l\u00faa<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4963 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/83.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"638\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/83.png 638w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/83-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/83-600x263.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 83. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i th\u00e2n do n\u1ea5m <em>Sclerotium oryzae<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh<\/strong> (Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0110\u1ed1m v\u1eb1n hay kh\u00f4 v\u1eb1n)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39331\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"31\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39331\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II.12. B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 (Bacterial crown rot)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39331\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"31\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39331\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/strong>: Do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Erwinia chrysanthemi<\/em> g\u00e2y n\u00ean.<\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 (th\u1ed1i g\u1ed1c = foot rot)do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Erwinia chrysanthemi<\/em> g\u00e2y ra v\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i c\u00e1c r\u1ec5 hay g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lan ra nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t, th\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n, c\u00f3 m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 non c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1ea1 hay \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh. B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i nh\u0169n \u1edf r\u1ec5, g\u1ed1c hay th\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u00faa x\u00e3y ra r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 1 tu\u1ea7n. Lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Erwinia chrysanthemi<\/em> th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i do n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u00f3n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1m hay x\u1eed l\u00fd sai v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4973 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/87.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"974\" height=\"775\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/87.png 974w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/87-300x239.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/87-768x611.png 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/87-600x477.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 974px) 100vw, 974px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 87. \u1ea2nh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o <em>E. chrysanthemi<\/em> c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh que th\u1eb3ng.<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd sai l\u1ea7m trong ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd sai v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf, b\u00f3n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1m c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam vi khu\u1ea9n <em>E. chrysanthemi<\/em> th\u00ec ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4974 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/88.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/88.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/88-300x99.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/88-600x198.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 88. Ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng (tr\u00e1i), ch\u1ee5p g\u1ea7n (gi\u1eefa), g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i khi nh\u1ed5 l\u00ean (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1, v\u00ec khi b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u00faa \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb \u0111en, sau \u0111\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u1ed1i.<\/p><p>&#8211; C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c c\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39332\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"32\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39332\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA - II.13. B\u1ec7nh than v\u00e0ng (False smut)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39332\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"32\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39332\"><p><strong>+ T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n: <\/strong>Do n\u1ea5m <em>Ustilaginoidea virens<\/em><\/p><p><strong>+ \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/p><p>B\u1ec7nh than v\u00e0ng do n\u1ea5m <em>Ustilaginoidea virens<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean b\u00f4ng l\u00faa,\u00a0 b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea7y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh ch\u00ednh trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa. B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong hoa l\u00faa t\u1eeb ch\u00f3p c\u1ee7a hoa l\u00faa v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ea3 hoa. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t do <em>U. virens<\/em> ti\u1ebft ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea5n hoa. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n, c\u1ea3 nh\u1ee5y v\u00e0 v\u00f2i nh\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, <em>U. virens<\/em> x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u nh\u1ee5y qua c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ee5y, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u nh\u1ee5y.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4978 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/89.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/89.png 438w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/89-300x273.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 89. S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m <em>Ustilaginoidea virens <\/em>v\u00e0o hoa l\u00faa<\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/em><\/strong>: (a) B\u00e0o t\u1eed l\u00e2y v\u00e0o b\u00f4ng l\u00faa; (b) S\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f4ng l\u00faa. (c) V\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft d\u00ednh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng; (d) Hoa l\u00faa (c) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecb hoa, \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u, m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m; (e) Ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a (d) s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m tr\u00ean bao ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ee5y, kh\u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf hoa l\u00faa ; (f) S\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a bao ph\u1ea5n; (g) C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m xung quanh nu\u1ed1m nh\u1ee5y; (h) S\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a hoa, bao quanh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 bao ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 bao quanh b\u1ea7u no\u00e3n.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4979 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/90.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"585\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/90.png 585w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/90-300x229.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 585px) 100vw, 585px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 90. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh than v\u00e0ng<\/p><p><strong>+ Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p><p>Khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, l\u00faa s\u1ebd tr\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2-3% h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb than v\u00e0ng th\u00ec n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u00faa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m th\u00ec c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9ng xung quanh khi tr\u1ed5 sau t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf 20-30% h\u1ea1t b\u1ec7nh l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p trong l\u00faa thu ho\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 b\u00e1n hay xay x\u00e1t.<\/p><p><strong>+ Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p><p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00ec ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1t g\u1ea1o s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m c\u00f3n b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u.<\/p><p>&#8211; Phun thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n c\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng l\u00fac l\u00faa tr\u1ed5 l\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c th\u00ec ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba lu\u00f4n b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea7y.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39333\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"33\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39333\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. B\u1ec6NH G\u00c2Y H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN L\u00daA -II.14. B\u1ec7nh lem l\u00e9p h\u1ea1t (Grain discoloration\/Dirty grain)  <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39333\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"33\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39333\"><p>B\u1ec7nh lem l\u00e9p h\u1ea1t ngo\u00e0i 2 lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Xanthomonas oryzae<\/em> g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e9p v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Pseudomonas glumae<\/em> g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e9p \u0111en th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 20 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng lem l\u00e9p m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><p>\u1ede h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb lem l\u00e9p t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m <em>Curvularia<\/em> g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 cho h\u1ea1t l\u00faa chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 60%, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i <em>Sarocladium oryzae<\/em> g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t \u0111en chi\u1ebfm 46%, <em>Fusarium <\/em>l\u00e0 40%, v.v\u2026Ri\u00eang t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t th\u00ec r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (\u00edt h\u01a1n 3%) do v\u1eady c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n t\u1eeb tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t l\u00e2y qua c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4983 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/91.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/91.png 589w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/91-300x126.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u00ecnh 91. H\u1ea1t l\u00faa b\u1ecb \u0111en do n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh <em>Tilletia barclayana<\/em> (g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh than \u0111en = Kernel Smut) (3 h\u1ea1t tr\u00e1i), h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4n (4 h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4984 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/92.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/92.png 528w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/92-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 92. H\u1ea1t b\u1ecb lem l\u00e9p l\u00e9p v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ngh\u1eb9n \u0111\u00f2ng khi tr\u1ed5 do n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i <em>Sarocladium oryzae.<\/em><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4985 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/93.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"566\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/93.png 566w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/93-300x118.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 93. S\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00faa do n\u1ea5m <em>Fusarium moniliforme <\/em>(tr\u00e1i), S\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u00faa do n\u1ea5m <em>Bipolaris oryzae <\/em>(ph\u1ea3i).<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4986 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/94.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"535\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/94.png 535w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/94-300x163.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 535px) 100vw, 535px\" \/><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 94. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng g\u00e2y ra lem l\u00e9p \u0111en do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Pseudomonas glumae<\/em> (tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 l\u00e9p v\u00e0ng do vi khu\u1ea9n <em>Xanthomonas oryzae<\/em> (ph\u1ea3i)<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4987 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/95.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"517\" height=\"314\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/95.png 517w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/95-300x182.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 517px) 100vw, 517px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00ecnh 95. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m (do nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39334\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"34\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39334\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">III. PH\u1ea6N THI\u1ebeU DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG (NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY) <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39334\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"34\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39334\"><p><strong>1). Thi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea1m (tr\u00e1i), thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2n (gi\u1eefa), thi\u1ebfu Kali (ph\u1ea3i)<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4997 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/96.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/96.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/96-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/96-600x166.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p><strong>2). Thi\u1ebfu Calcium (tr\u00e1i), thi\u1ebfu Magnesium (gi\u1eefa), thi\u1ebfu Sulfur (ph\u1ea3i)<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4998 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/97.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/97.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/97-300x106.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/97-600x213.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p><strong>3). Thi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ed3ng (tr\u00e1i), thi\u1ebfu Boron (gi\u1eefa), thi\u1ebfu K\u1ebdm (ph\u1ea3i)<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4999 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/98.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/98.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/98-300x110.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/98-600x219.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p><strong>4). Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (tr\u00e1i), ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1eb7n (ph\u1ea3i)<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5000 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/99.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"641\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/99.png 641w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/99-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/99-600x222.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 641px) 100vw, 641px\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39335\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"35\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39335\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. C\u1ece D\u1ea0I - 1). C\u1ecf \u0110u\u00f4i ph\u1ee5ng (Chinese sprangletop)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39335\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"35\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39335\"><p>Trong ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 3 nh\u00f3m c\u1ecf l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u201cM\u1ed9t l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m = Monocot\u201d, nh\u00f3m \u201cHai l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m = Dicot\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u201cC\u1ecf l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng = Broad leaf\u201d.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5004 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/100.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"605\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/100.png 605w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/100-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/100-600x439.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39336\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"36\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39336\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. C\u1ece D\u1ea0I - 2). C\u1ecf L\u1ed3ng v\u1ef1c (Barnyardgrass)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39336\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"36\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39336\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5008 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/101.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"608\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/101.png 608w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/101-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/101-600x418.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39337\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"37\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39337\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. C\u1ece D\u1ea0I - 3). Nh\u00f3m h\u1ecd Cyperaceae (Ch\u00e1c l\u00e1c)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39337\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"37\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39337\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5012 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/102.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"406\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/102.png 576w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/102-300x211.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39338\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"38\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39338\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. C\u1ece D\u1ea0I -4). L\u00faa c\u1ecf (Red rice\/Weedy rice)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39338\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"38\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39338\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5016 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/103.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/103.png 624w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/103-300x209.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/103-600x417.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39339\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"39\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39339\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. C\u1ece D\u1ea0I  5). C\u1ecf x\u00e0 b\u00f4ng (Gooseweed)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39339\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"39\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39339\"><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5018 size-full\" style=\"font-weight: inherit;\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/104.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"595\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/104.png 595w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/104-300x190.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5017 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-600x334.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39340\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"40\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39340\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Annong c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39340\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"40\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39340\"><p><strong>T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Annong c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>1). <\/strong><strong>COCHAY 200SL<\/strong> c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Diquat Dipromide \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 phun v\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u1ecf ch\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf n\u00e0o h\u1ebft. Do v\u1eady khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ecf n\u1ea7y b\u00e0 con n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u trong ru\u1ed9ng, r\u1ed3i th\u00ec l\u00ean l\u00edp tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i, khi l\u00ean l\u00edp xong kho\u1ea3ng 10-15 ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1t c\u1ecf s\u1ebd l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c n\u1ea7y di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf xong r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1edd \u0111i xa v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i, hoa m\u00e0u hay ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa.<\/p><p><strong>2). <\/strong><strong>CHAYRUI 150SL<\/strong>, g\u1ed1c Glufosinate ammonium, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt.<\/p><p><strong>3) Sieuco 350SC, 800WP<\/strong>, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf c\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c: Cyhalofop-butyl, Ethoxysulfuron, Pyrazosulfuron, Quinclorac.<\/p><p><strong>4). S\u1ea1ch B\u00f3ng C\u1ecf 200EC<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c Metamifop, di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u1ee5ng (<em>Leptochlor chinensis<\/em>), l\u1ed3ng v\u1ef1c (<em>Echinochlor crus-galli<\/em>) v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng (Broad Leaf Weeds).<\/p><p><strong>5). Tossup 90SC, 750WP<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: Cyhalofop-butyl v\u00e0 Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl.<\/p><p>V\u00ec l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf n\u00ean b\u00e0 con khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam nh\u1eb7t theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Cty.<\/p><p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>Ghi ch\u00fa: <\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i xem k\u1ef9 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u hay pha tr\u1ed9n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t!<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39341\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"41\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39341\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - PH\u00c2N B\u00d3N<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39341\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"41\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39341\"><p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00ean \u0111i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt khi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 18 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, 15 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gom l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t &#8220;dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n&#8221; (\u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng), ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p (trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh g\u1ed3m: C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh, \u0110\u1ea1m (N), L\u00e2n (P) v\u00e0 Kali (K); ba ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu (secondary macronutrients), Calci (Ca), L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (S) v\u00e0 Magnesium (Mg); v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/kho\u00e1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Bo (B), Clor (Cl), Mangan (Mn), S\u1eaft (Fe), K\u1ebdm (Zn), \u0110\u1ed3ng (Cu), Molybden (Mo) v\u00e0 Niken (Ni). C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u201d v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 hai ki\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kho\u00e1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 &#8220;phytoalexins&#8221;, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxid h\u00f3a v\u00e0 &#8220;\ufb02avanoids&#8221;, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39342\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"42\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39342\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 1). PH\u00c2N B\u00d3N \u0110A L\u01af\u1ee2NG - \u0110\u1ea0M (N)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39342\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"42\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39342\"><p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00ean \u0111i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt khi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 18 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, 15 ch<\/p><p>C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 30-40% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ea1m cung c\u1ea5p. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1m sao cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, tr\u00e1nh l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu \u0110\u1ea1m s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i protein, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Acid Nucleic v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ea1m l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u00e0u xanh cho l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng quang h\u1ee3p, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ea1m gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ed3i, l\u00e1; l\u00e1 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i h\u1ea3o s\u1ebd t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quang h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng kh\u1eed ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng oxid h\u00f3a. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eed \u0110\u1ea1m nhanh trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p Nitrate (NO<sup>3\u2212<\/sup>) cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y b\u1ecb kh\u1eed b\u00ean trong th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Amino acid tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Hai d\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ea1m (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 NO<sup>3\u2212<\/sup> v\u00e0 NH<sup>4+<\/sup>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do d\u1ea1ng N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2y h\u1ea5p thu c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00fd sinh , nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 <strong><em>\u201ck\u00fd sinh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (Obligated Parasites) ho\u1eb7c <strong><em>\u201ck\u00fd sinh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c\u201d <\/em><\/strong>(Facultative Parasites). Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a N \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ea1m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><p>\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gom l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t &#8220;dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n&#8221; (\u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng), ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p (trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh g\u1ed3m: C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh, \u0110\u1ea1m (N), L\u00e2n (P) v\u00e0 Kali (K); ba ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu (secondary macronutrients), Calci (Ca), L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh (S) v\u00e0 Magnesium (Mg); v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/kho\u00e1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Bo (B), Clor (Cl), Mangan (Mn), S\u1eaft (Fe), K\u1ebdm (Zn), \u0110\u1ed3ng (Cu), Molybden (Mo) v\u00e0 Niken (Ni). C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u201cQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u201d v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 hai ki\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kho\u00e1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 &#8220;phytoalexins&#8221;, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxid h\u00f3a v\u00e0 &#8220;\ufb02avanoids&#8221;, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39343\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"43\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39343\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 1). PH\u00c2N B\u00d3N \u0110A L\u01af\u1ee2NG - L\u00c2N (P)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39343\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"43\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39343\"><p>Sau \u0110\u1ea1m, L\u00e2n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2n trong \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m cho gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. L\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c Acid Ribonucleic (RNA), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed5 sung vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a protein v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sinh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, L\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh, tr\u1eeb vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tr\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a L\u00e2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh nh\u1edd ra r\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec1u, h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u00e2y, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed5 hoa v\u00e0 ch\u00edn t\u1eadp trung, ch\u00edn s\u1edbm. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ed3i, nh\u00e1nh nhanh gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng sau khi g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i. Gi\u00fap c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p thu ph\u00e2n do t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e8n trong \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39344\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"44\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39344\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - C\u00c1CH T\u1ed4NG QU\u00c1T CH\u0102M S\u00d3C V\u00c0 CUNG C\u1ea4P PH\u00c2N B\u00d3N CHO C\u00c2Y L\u00daA<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39344\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"44\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39344\"><p>&#8211; L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n (t\u00ednh cho 1 ha): 1-2 t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n \u201cH\u1eefu c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u201d (HCTT) (\u1ee7 hoai m\u1ee5c) c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 250kg<strong> Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cao c\u1ea5p Genki\/Hakase,<\/strong> kho\u1ea3ng 75-90kg N + 60 kg P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub> + 40 kg K<sub>2<\/sub>O + 200 kg v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t.<\/p><p>&#8211; C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n:<\/p><table width=\"612\"><tbody><tr><td width=\"153\"><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"137\"><p><strong>Ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng <\/strong><strong>(T\u1ea5n,kg\/ha), Phun ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"78\"><p><strong>Urea<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>(%\/ha)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"82\"><p><strong>L\u00e2n (%\/ha)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p><strong>KCl<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>(kg\/ha<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p><strong>V\u00f4i b\u1ed9t (kg\/ha)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"153\"><p>B\u00f3n l\u00f3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo (n\u1ec1n)<\/p><\/td><td width=\"137\"><p>(1-2T) HCTT +<\/p><p><strong>(250kg) Genki\/Hakase<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"78\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"82\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>200<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"153\"><p>Th\u00fac 1 sau gieo s\u1ea1 8-10 ng\u00e0y<\/p><\/td><td width=\"137\"><p><strong>Phun Annong Amino-Humic <\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"78\"><p>30<\/p><\/td><td width=\"82\"><p>100<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>30kg<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"153\"><p>Th\u00fac 2 sau gieo s\u1ea1 18-20 ng\u00e0y<\/p><\/td><td width=\"137\"><p><strong>Phun Annong Grow C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y (25-30 ng\u00e0y)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"78\"><p>30<\/p><\/td><td width=\"82\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"153\"><p>\u0110\u00f3n \u0111\u00f2ng sau gieo s\u1ea1 38-45 ng\u00e0y<\/p><\/td><td width=\"137\"><p><strong>Phun Annong Kali Cao (45-50 ng\u00e0y)<\/strong><\/p><\/td><td width=\"78\"><p>30<\/p><\/td><td width=\"82\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>30kg<\/p><\/td><td width=\"81\"><p>&#8211;<\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39345\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"45\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39345\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 2). PH\u00c2N H\u1eeeU C\u01a0 <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39345\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"45\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39345\"><p>Ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ra l\u00e0m 2 nh\u00f3m: Ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u1ed9ng qua \u1ee7 hoai m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/p><p>Ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o h\u00e0ng n\u0103m b\u00f3n th\u00eam t\u1eeb 5-10 t\u1ea5n\/v\u1ee5 B\u1eafp. N\u00ean c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng <em>Trichoderma<\/em> spp. \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t (Soil born diseases).<\/p><p><strong>Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1 Cao c\u1ea5p GENKI\/HAKASE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Annong nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean bao b\u00ec c\u00f3 k\u00e8m nh\u00e3n ph\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t.<\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5028 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1875\" height=\"1328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105.jpg 1875w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-1024x725.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-768x544.jpg 768w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-1536x1088.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/105-600x425.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1875px) 100vw, 1875px\" \/><\/p><p><strong><em>C\u00d4NG D\u1ee4NG:<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-5032 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/106.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/106.png 640w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/106-300x226.png 300w, https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/106-600x452.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p><p><strong>\u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M C\u1ee6A PH\u00c2N H\u1eeeU C\u01a0 \u201cGENKI\/HAKASE\u201d<\/strong><\/p><p>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ed5 sung dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Ph\u00e2n \u201cGenki\/Hakase\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m \u201cPh\u00e2n H\u1eefu c\u01a1\u201d, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t v\u00f2 vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 22%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 C\/N l\u00e0 11, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n g\u00e0 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u00ean men 100%, pH = 8, h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 50-60%, \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISO.<\/p><p>Trong ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/p><p>L\u00e2n h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u (P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5 <\/sub>hh): 2%; Kali h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u (K<sub>2<\/sub>O hh): 2%; Calci (Ca): 1 % ; Silic h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u (SiO<sub>2 <\/sub>hh): 2%.<\/p><p>Trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i sai l\u1ea7m trong canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 b\u00f3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 h\u00f3a v\u00f4 c\u01a1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m mu\u1ed1n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung \u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u0103n no nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u201c\u0111\u00f3i\u201d nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u201cemzymes\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p><p>C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i chung khi khai th\u00e1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u00e0ng v\u1ee5, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trung v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe.<\/p><p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 l\u00faa qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00ec ph\u00e2n ho\u0301a ho\u0323c se\u0303 la\u0300m chua \u0111\u00e2\u0301t v\u00ec c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 acid, gia\u0309m \u0111\u00f4\u0323 pH, \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111ai bi\u0323 nhi\u00ea\u0303m \u0111\u00f4\u0323c, t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u0103\u0323ng, pha\u0301 v\u01a1\u0303 c\u00e2\u0301u tru\u0301c \u0111\u00e2\u0301t hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb chay.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39346\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"46\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39346\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - CALCI (Ca)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39346\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"46\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39346\"><p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p (trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 Cacium, khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng Ca c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3i chung, c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch c\u00e1c enzymes \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i m\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Ca. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, Ca \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Th\u1ee9 hai, Ca \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u0169ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c enzymes &#8220;pectolytic&#8221; do n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1o ra. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ca trong m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i cao l\u00e0m cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh k\u00fd sinh kh\u00e1c nhau do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd. Tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y sau thu ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i tr\u00e1i, ch\u1eadm ch\u00edn, gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Ca tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau thu ho\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Ca ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n do Ca l\u00e0m tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng 45\u00b0C. Khi tr\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o CaCl<sub>2 <\/sub>s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y th\u1ecbt tr\u00e1i s\u1ebd ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39347\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"47\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39347\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - MAGNESIUM (Mg)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39347\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"47\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39347\"><p>C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng khi v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mang tr\u00e1i th\u00ec r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n Mg, l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c h\u1ea5p thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Mg \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong m\u1ea1ch libe (phloem) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra t\u1eeb quang h\u1ee3p; khi thi\u1ebfu Mg, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 \u201csucrose\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cacid amin\u201d t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u trong l\u00e1, t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t, Mg s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh do Mg trong c\u00e2y k\u00fd ch\u1ee7. Mg v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u1ea5t &#8220;micaceous&#8221; gi\u00e0u K (do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng), n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu Mg do b\u1ecb k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a K. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Mg \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00faa m\u00ec, c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 rau m\u00e0u.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39348\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"48\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39348\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - C\u00c1C CH\u1ea4T DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG (Micronutrients)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39348\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"48\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39348\"><p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh (\u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p (trung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) trong vi\u1ec7c tham gia c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u00f4 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u00fang c\u00f2n ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 sinh h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng khi thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n qua c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c &#8220;\u0103n&#8221; c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n do cung c\u1ea5p cho nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 acid amin tho\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;k\u00edch kh\u00e1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng&#8221; (Systemic Acquired Resistance) (SAR).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39349\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"49\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39349\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - SILIC (Si)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39349\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"49\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39349\"><p>Silic l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t:<\/p><p>+ <strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00f4 sinh<\/strong>: Gi\u00fap m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quang t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e2y. \u00cdt m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc qua bi\u1ec3u b\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c g\u1eaby nh\u00e1nh g\u1eaby c\u00e0nh, ch\u1ed1ng ng\u1eadp \u00fang hay kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. Silic gi\u00fap ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch L\u00e2n trong \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2n trong c\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Fe (s\u1eaft) l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c s\u1eaft nh\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n pH th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e8n nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u Na<sup>+<\/sup> \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u do \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n g\u00e2y ra, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea1m v\u00e0 L\u00e2n. Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c cho c\u00e2y khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hay thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt qu\u00e1 li\u1ec1u.<\/p><p>+ <strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1eefu sinh<\/strong>: Khi c\u00f3 silic trong l\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n Carbon xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 l\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00f9ng r\u1ec5 (rhizosphere) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u oxy gi\u00fap vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u00e1o kh\u00ed c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1ng sinh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y l\u00e2u n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu Si do h\u00e0ng v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 NPK. V\u00ec v\u1eady thi\u1ebfu Si l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u00ean tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i Si cho \u0111\u1ea5t hay th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1edfi ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a Si l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n \u201cN\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p B\u1ec1n V\u1eefng\u201d.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39350\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"50\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39350\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - S\u1eaeT (Fe)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39350\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"50\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39350\"><p>S\u1eaft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. S\u1eaft l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u00e1o kh\u00ed nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng &#8220;stress&#8221; oxid h\u00f3a c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh. S\u1eaft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m khi thi\u1ebfu S\u1eaft th\u00ec c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u201cphenolic\u201d. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 S\u1eaft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 Fe cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1ng vi sinh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m qua r\u1ec5, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Fe l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh do vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t &#8220;Chelating Fe&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;siderophores&#8221; (k\u1ecb s\u1eaft) trong \u0111\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu Fe. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u1ecb s\u1eaft (siderophores) c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng sinh ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u1ecb s\u1eaft (siderophores) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang thu nh\u1eadn Fe c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn qua trung gian th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch (immunity).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39351\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"51\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39351\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - K\u1ebcM (Zn)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39351\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"51\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39351\"><p>K\u1ebdm (Zn) \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c enzymes tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein v\u00e0 tinh b\u1ed9t, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebdm th\u1ea5p g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c acid amin v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00f4 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. K\u1ebdm c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng sinh h\u1ecdc (biomembranes). Khi thi\u1ebfu Zn l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 m\u00e0ng sinh h\u1ecdc do hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Thi\u1ebfu Zn, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Zn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5, th\u1ed1i th\u00e2n do n\u1ea5m. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung Zn \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu b\u1ec7nh.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39352\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"52\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39352\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - MANGANESE (Mn)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39352\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"52\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39352\"><p>Mangan (Mn) l\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, Mn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. Mn \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t lignin v\u00e0 phenol, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng Mn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p amino peptidase t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c acid amin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m.\u00a0 Mn ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u201ccation lignin\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 Mn v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u00edt b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 khi phun Mn tr\u00ean l\u00e1 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh \u1edf r\u1ec5 v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n trong &#8220;libe&#8221; c\u1ee7a Mn k\u00e9m.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39353\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"53\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39353\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - \u0110\u1ed2NG (Cu)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39353\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"53\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39353\"><p>\u0110\u1ed3ng (Cu) l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, diamine oxidase, v.v.) l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p lignin mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. M\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng &#8220;cation lignin&#8221;. Thi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lipid trong m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u201cstress\u201d sinh h\u1ecdc. Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh do n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lignin h\u00f3a \u1edf c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39354\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"54\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39354\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">PH\u1ea6N PH\u1ee4 CH\u01af\u01a0NG - 3). PH\u00c2N TRUNG V\u00c0 VI L\u01af\u1ee2NG PHUN QUA L\u00c1 - BORON (B)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39354\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"54\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39354\"><p>C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, tuy nhi\u00ean khi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu B c\u00e2y b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh l\u00fd. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfu B th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p><p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00ec B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra l\u00e0m 3 nh\u00f3m:<\/p><p><strong>+<\/strong> <strong>C\u00e2y h\u1ecd H\u00f2a b\u1ea3n<\/strong> (Poaceae hay Graminae) c\u1ea5n r\u1ea5t \u00edt B n\u00ean \u00edt th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu B, trong n\u00f3m n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 4-10\u03bcg\/g tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4. Trong nh\u00f3m n\u1ea7y c\u00e2y l\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u1eafp thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd h\u00f2a b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 5mg\/kg v\u00e0 8,6mg\/kg tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4.<\/p><p><strong>+ C\u00e2y m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m (Monocot) v\u00e0 c\u00e2y 2 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m (Dicot) <\/strong>nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ecf c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 20-80\u03bcg\/g tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4. \u00a0Trong nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 \u1edat, C\u00e0 chua, D\u01b0a leo theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 30,9; 31,3; 36,5mg\/kg tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4. (c\u00e1c c\u00e2y n\u1ea7y khi thi\u1ebfu B d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t tr\u00e1i, d\u01b0a leo c\u1ee9ng, th\u1ecbt c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, h\u1ea1t l\u00e9p, \u0103n \u0111\u1eafng).<\/p><p><strong>+ C\u00e2y to th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 <\/strong>th\u01b0\u1eddng thi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 80\u03bcg\/g tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4.<\/p><p>\u00a0C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu B qua Boric acid (H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>3<\/sub>) hay Borate (B(OH)<sub>4<\/sub>).<\/p><p>Trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a B bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 10-100mg\/kg \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f2n trong c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng B h\u00f2a tan ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 10% trong B t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1. Khi b\u00f3n B v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu kho\u1ea3ng 10%, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 30-40% v\u00e0 b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb 40-60%.<\/p><p>B gi\u00fap h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa kh\u1ecfe k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i. B gi\u00fap v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tinh b\u1ed9t, gi\u00fap Kali v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p><p>Khi c\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu B r\u1ec5 ng\u1eafn, l\u00f4ng h\u00fat gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt n\u00ean c\u0169ng \u00edt vi sinh v\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xung quanh v\u00f9ng r\u1ec5. Ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u00ec ch\u1ed3i k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn, g\u00e2n l\u00e1 h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng, tr\u00e1i b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, tr\u00e1i m\u00e9o d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng, tr\u00e1i \u00edt h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ch\u00edn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u00e1i gi\u00e0.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed9c trung v\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed9n (mixing) hay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p (compound) trong ph\u00e2n \u0111a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 phun qua l\u00e1 (foliar spray). Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebfu th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p qua l\u00e1 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-39355\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"55\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-39355\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-minus\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Annong c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1 cho c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i nh\u01b0 sau<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-39355\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"55\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-39355\"><p><strong>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ec3 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Annong c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n qua l\u00e1 cho c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 1. BOroplus <\/strong>v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 B c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 150mg\/l\u00edt.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 2. Annong GROW BOZn GOLD <\/strong>l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e1 v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n NPK v\u00e0 B v\u00e0 K\u1ebdm (Zn).<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 3. R\u1ed2NG V\u00c0NG Amino &amp; Zn, <\/strong>th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 NPK, Amino acid v\u00e0 Zn.<\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 4. ANNONG GROW-GABA, Ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1i<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Ca, GA<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 5. ANONG GROW MANYFRUIT<\/strong>, \u0110\u1eadu tr\u00e1i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n B, beta-NOA, Alpha-NAA.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 6. ANNONG GROW Giant Fruit, L\u1edbn tr\u00e1i &amp; To h\u1ea1t,<\/strong> Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n B, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ca, GA<sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 Kali.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 7. ANNONG GROE Excellent, \u0110\u1eb9p v\u00e0 B\u00f3ng tr\u00e1i<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n B Mg, Ca v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1m.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 8. ANNONG GROE LEAF, T\u1ed1t l\u00e1,<\/strong> th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n NPK v\u00e0 GA<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 9. ANNONG GROW Zn\/P, Gi\u00e0u K\u1ebdm v\u00e0 L\u00e2n.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 10. ANNONG GROW Kali TE, Kali CAO, C\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y t\u1ed1t h\u1ea1t \u0110\u1eb9p tr\u00e1i, <\/strong>th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Cu, Fe, Zn, B v\u00e0 Kali.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 11. ANNONG GROW OCEAN, RA R\u1ec4<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n NPK, Acid Alginic v\u00e0 BA.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3). 12. MaxproPhos, Gi\u00e0u L\u00e2n v\u00e0 Magnesium.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 13, Brexil-Mix, C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, <\/strong>th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Mg, B v\u00e0 Mo.<\/p><p><strong>3). 14. HI CALCIPLUS 405 + TE, Ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ed1i tr\u00e1i, n\u1ee9t tr\u00e1i, s\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i, tr\u00e1i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>3). 15. ZincPlus 750, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1m v\u00e0 Zn.<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ed4 TAY QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN C\u00c2Y L\u00daA Tab #2 S\u1ed4 TAY QU\u1ea2N L\u00dd D\u1ecaCH H\u1ea0I TR\u00caN C\u00c2Y L\u00daA Tab #2 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit tellus, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, pulvinar dapibus leo. M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 C\u1ea6N BI\u1ebeT V\u1ec0 C\u00c2Y L\u00daA \u00a0 L\u00faa c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Anh &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/tu-kien-ky-thuat\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">T\u01af LI\u1ec6U K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4666"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4666"}],"version-history":[{"count":249,"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4666\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5047,"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4666\/revisions\/5047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/annongvn.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}